Cerebellar Glioblastoma: A Literature Review and Case Analysis

Glioblastoma multiforme is one of the most common primary intracranial tumors with a particularly aggressive behavior. It usually develops in the cerebral hemispheres, with infratentorial localization being extremely rare. If located in the posterior cranial fossa, glioblastoma most often presents with symptoms of increased intracranial pressure and impaired cerebellar function. In this article, we present a case of small-cell glioblastoma, which is a rare histological variant of this type of high-grade glioma, situated in the cerebellum. A 31-year-old woman was admitted to the neurosurgery department with severe headache, impaired balance, and weakness in the right arm. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed evidence of a lesion with solid and cystic components in the right cerebellar hemisphere. The latter was surgically removed and the histological examination determined the diagnosis of cerebellar small-cell glioblastoma. The treatment of this patient included a combined approach, i.e., radiotherapy and chemotherapy with temozolomide after surgery. Follow-up for a period of more than two years was done and the patient showed no significant clinical symptoms. There was no evidence of recurrence on follow-up imaging studies.