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Interaction between type 2 diabetes and past COVID-19 on active tuberculosis
Liz E Calles-Cabanillas1, Genesis P Aguillón-Durán1, Doris Ayala1
1University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.
Research Square
|April 1, 2024
Summary
Past COVID-19 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) synergistically increase tuberculosis (TB) risk. Screening for latent TB is recommended for individuals with both conditions.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Endocrinology
- Public Health
Background:
- COVID-19 pandemic disrupted tuberculosis (TB) control efforts globally.
- The direct biological impact of COVID-19 on TB incidence requires further investigation.
- This study examines the association between recent COVID-19 infection and new TB episodes, considering type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) comorbidity.
Approach:
- A cross-sectional study included 112 new active TB patients and 373 controls from June 2020 to November 2021.
- COVID-19 status was determined by self-report or serology.
- Bivariable and multivariable analyses assessed the odds of new TB in relation to past COVID-19 and DM.
Key Points:
- Past COVID-19 was associated with higher odds of new TB, particularly in patients with DM (aOR 2.3).
- Individuals with DM had a 2.7-fold increased odds of TB without prior COVID-19.
- The odds of TB in DM patients increased to 7.9-fold if they had a history of COVID-19.
Conclusions:
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus and past COVID-19 interact synergistically, significantly elevating TB risk.
- Proactive screening for latent TB and prompt prophylactic treatment are crucial for high-risk individuals with both COVID-19 and DM.
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