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  11. Role Of Exosomes In The Communication And Treatment Between Oscc And Normal Cells

Role of exosomes in the communication and treatment between OSCC and normal cells

Xingyue Ma1, Ruisi Yang2, Haiyang Li1

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.

Heliyon
|April 1, 2024

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Exosomes play a dual role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), influencing cell interactions and acting as potential drug delivery vehicles. Understanding exosome mechanisms offers new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for OSCC patients.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) presents a significant challenge due to poor patient prognosis, necessitating novel therapeutic targets.
  • Exosomes, nanoscale vesicles found in body fluids, are increasingly recognized for their roles in intercellular communication and as potential biomarkers.
  • Exosomes mediate complex interactions between normal and OSCC cells, influencing cancer progression and treatment response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the molecular mechanisms and functions of exosomes derived from various cell sources in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
  • To explore the involvement of exosomal molecules (circRNAs, lncRNAs, miRNAs) in OSCC cell signaling and intercellular communication.
  • To discuss the potential of exosomes in OSCC diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic applications, including drug delivery and overcoming chemotherapy resistance.
Keywords:
Cell communicationDrug therapeutic toolExosomeOral squamous cell carcinoma

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Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on exosome biogenesis, cargo, transfer mechanisms, and functional roles in OSCC.
  • Analysis of studies investigating exosome-mediated signaling between OSCC cells, normal cells, and other cell types (e.g., fibroblasts, macrophages, stem cells).
  • Examination of research on exosomal content in body fluids (plasma, saliva) and their correlation with OSCC prognosis and treatment.

Main Results:

  • Exosomes facilitate intercellular communication in OSCC by transferring diverse bioactive molecules like circRNAs, lncRNAs, and miRNAs.
  • Exosomes from OSCC cells, stromal cells, and immune cells modulate signaling pathways within recipient OSCC cells.
  • Exosomes are implicated in both chemotherapy resistance and as potential drug delivery systems for OSCC treatment.
  • Exosomal profiles in body fluids show promise for OSCC diagnosis and prognosis prediction.

Conclusions:

  • Exosomes are critical mediators of intercellular communication in the OSCC microenvironment.
  • Exosomes hold significant potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic delivery vehicles for oral squamous cell carcinoma.
  • Further research into exosome biology can guide the development of targeted therapies and improve patient outcomes in OSCC.