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Prognostic value of systemic immune-inflammation index in the diagnosis of preeclampsia
Mucahit Kapci1, Kemal Sener2, Adem Cakir3
1Department of Emergence Medicine, Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Healthy Başaksehir Çam and Sakura State Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Insights
The systemic immune-inflammation index may aid in diagnosing preeclampsia, a serious pregnancy complication. This index evaluates inflammation and coagulopathy markers, offering prognostic value.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Immunology
- Hematology
Background:
- Preeclampsia is a severe pregnancy complication with significant maternal and fetal risks.
- Early and accurate diagnosis of preeclampsia is crucial for effective management.
- Investigating novel diagnostic markers for preeclampsia is an ongoing area of research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the utility of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) as a diagnostic parameter for preeclampsia.
- To determine if SII can facilitate the diagnosis of preeclampsia in pregnant patients.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective, single-center study involving 40 preeclampsia patients and 40 controls.
- Analysis of demographic data, vital signs, and laboratory parameters including white blood cell count, platelet count, and SII.
- Statistical analysis to compare SII values between groups and assess diagnostic performance.
Main Results:
- Preeclampsia patients exhibited significantly higher white blood cell and neutrophil counts, and lower platelet counts compared to controls.
- The systemic immune-inflammation index showed a sensitivity of 77.5% and specificity of 67.5% for preeclampsia diagnosis (AUC: 0.705).
- No significant difference in neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was observed between the groups.
Conclusions:
- The systemic immune-inflammation index shows potential as a supportive marker for diagnosing preeclampsia.
- SII's ability to integrate inflammation and coagulopathy indicators makes it a valuable prognostic tool.
- Further research is warranted to validate SII's role in clinical practice for preeclampsia management.
Background:
Preeclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy with negative consequences for the mother and fetus. It was aimed to investigate whether the systemic immune inflammation index is a parameter that will facilitate the diagnosis of preeclampsia.
Methods:
This retrospective and single-center study included patients diagnosed with preeclampsia after admission to the emergency department and those who met the inclusion criteria. Vital parameters, demographic data, medical history, white blood cell count, platelet count, neutrophil count, systemic immune-inflammation index values, biochemical parameters, and gestational weeks were analyzed in each patient.
Results:
A total of 40 patients with preeclampsia (preeclampsia group) and 40 normal pregnant women (control group) were included. Laboratory tests revealed that the mean WBC, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts were significantly higher in the preeclampsia group than in the control group, whereas the preeclampsia group had a significantly lower mean platelet count than the control group (p < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity for the cut-off value of 758.39 × 109/L systemic immune-inflammation index in pregnant patients with preeclampsia was 77.5% and 67.5%, respectively (AUC: 0.705; 95% CI: 0.587-0.823; p = 0.002). No significant difference was observed between the mean neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in preeclampsia diagnosis.
Conclusion:
The systemic immune-inflammation index may be used as a marker to help in establishing the diagnosis of preeclampsia. We believe that this index is an important prognostic indicator because it concurrently evaluates neutrophil and lymphocyte values-which indicate the inflammation process-and platelet count, i.e., an indicator of coagulopathy.
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