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Nanofunctionalized Microparticles for Glucose Delivery in Three-Dimensional Cell Assemblies.

Maria G Fois1, Aygul Zengin1, Ke Song1

  • 1Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.

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Summary

Researchers developed nanoparticle-coated microparticles to improve nutrient diffusion in 3D cell spheroids. This strategy enhances cell viability in human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) spheroids, overcoming limitations of large spheroid applications.

Keywords:
3D cell culturedrug deliveryglucosemesoporous silica nanoparticlesmicroparticlesspheroids

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Cell Biology
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Three-dimensional (3D) cell spheroids mimic native tissue microenvironments but face nutrient diffusion limitations, leading to necrosis.
  • Large spheroids suffer from insufficient oxygen and nutrient penetration, restricting their application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel strategy using nanoparticle-coated microparticles to enhance nutrient diffusion and cell viability in 3D spheroids.
  • To create a localized nutrient delivery system within human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) spheroids.

Main Methods:

  • Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles were coated with mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) via electrostatic interactions.
  • MSN-coated PLGA microparticles were incorporated into hMSC spheroids to form nanofunctionalized microparticle spheroids.
  • Glucose release kinetics and the impact on spheroid aggregation and cell viability were evaluated over 14 days.

Main Results:

  • The MSN coating on PLGA microparticles demonstrated stability during incubation.
  • MSN-coated PLGA microparticles facilitated the formation of homogeneous hMSC spheroids with good cell viability.
  • Local glucose delivery from MSNs within spheroids significantly enhanced cell viability under hypoxic conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The developed nanofunctionalized microparticle system provides a versatile platform for localized small molecule delivery in 3D cell cultures.
  • This approach effectively improves cell viability in spheroids by addressing nutrient diffusion challenges.
  • The strategy holds promise for advancing applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.