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Clinico-Demographic Parameters of Oral Fungal Infections: An Institutional Retrospective Study

Kamala S Devi1, Abilasha R2, Suvarna Kizhakkoottu2

  • 1Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND.

Cureus
|April 2, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Fungal infections like angular cheilitis and denture stomatitis are common, particularly in the elderly. Associations with gender, anemia, and diabetes highlight the importance of demographic and clinical factors in fungal infection prevalence.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Fungal infections significantly impact patient quality of life.
  • Timely diagnosis and understanding demographic associations are crucial for improving patient prognosis.
  • Prevalence varies across different age groups and genders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prevalence of fungal infections across various age groups and genders.
  • To assess the association between fungal infections and demographic parameters.
  • To identify clinical factors linked to specific fungal infections.

Main Methods:

  • A sample size of 600 participants was analyzed.
  • Demographic and clinical data were collected and analyzed using IBM SPSS Version 23.
  • Descriptive statistics and Pearson chi-square tests were employed to determine associations (p < 0.05).

Main Results:

  • Angular cheilitis (40%) and denture stomatitis (37.5%) were the most prevalent fungal infections.
  • The elderly (51-72 years) showed the highest prevalence.
  • Candidiasis was more common in females (18%) than males (3%) (p=0.00); denture stomatitis was higher in diabetics (p=0.00).

Conclusions:

  • Identifying associated systemic and demographic factors is critical for managing fungal infections.
  • Understanding the role of age, gender, and comorbidities in fungal infections has public health implications.
  • Further research is needed for a comprehensive understanding of these associations.
Keywords:
angular cheilitiscandidiasisdeep fungal infectionsdenture stomatitisfungal infectionsmucormycosisoral fungal infectionssuperficial fungal infectionssystemic comorbidities

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