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Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring profiles in Asia
Bambang Widyantoro1, Jennifer M Nailes2, Apichard Sukonthasarn3
1Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Insights
High blood pressure (BP) poses a global health challenge, with organ damage rising. This review examines ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) profiles in Asia, comparing them to Western data and highlighting implementation challenges.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Nephrology
- Neurology
Background:
- High blood pressure (BP) is a significant global health issue.
- Hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD) is increasing worldwide, particularly in Asia.
- BP variability, including morning surge and nocturnal hypertension, is linked to cardiovascular, cerebral, and kidney diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current guidelines on ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) use.
- To compare ABPM profiles in Asia with those in Western countries.
- To identify challenges in implementing optimal ABPM use in Asian nations.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of clinical guidelines and evidence.
- Analysis of published studies on ABPM data in Asian and Western populations.
- Synthesis of information on BP variability and HMOD.
Main Results:
- ABPM and Home BP monitoring (HBPM) are recommended for evaluating BP variability and predicting outcomes.
- Distinct ABPM profiles have been observed in Asian populations compared to Western ones.
- Evidence suggests these differences may correlate with varied clinical outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Understanding regional ABPM differences is crucial for hypertension management in Asia.
- Addressing implementation challenges can optimize ABPM use in Asian countries.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the implications of Asian ABPM profiles.
Abstract:
High blood pressure (BP) remains a major health problem globally, with a proportion of hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD) increasing worldwide including in Asia region. Cardiovascular (CV), cerebral and kidney diseases related to hypertension were reported to be closely associated with morning surge and nocturnal hypertension-a subset of BP variability-which can be detected by out-of-office BP measurement. Ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) and Home BP monitoring (HBPM) have been recommended by major guidelines to be used in the evaluation of BP variability and outcomes' prediction of hypertension patients. However, an interesting profile of ABPM in Asia has been reported and hypothesized to correlate with different outcomes. This review will focus on the current recommendation of ABPM use by the guidelines, the major different profiles of ABPM in Asia as compared to Western countries according to clinical indications, and the challenges in implementing optimal use of ABPM in Asian countries based on available evidence.
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