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Augmenting Large Language Models via Vector Embeddings to Improve Domain-Specific Responsiveness
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Infusing behavior science into large language models for activity coaching.

Narayan Hegde1, Madhurima Vardhan1, Deepak Nathani1

  • 1Google Research, Bangalore, India.

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This study integrates behavior science into large language models (LLMs) for health coaching. Priming and re-ranking LLM responses significantly improved empathy and actionability in simulated coaching dialogues.

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Area of Science:

  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Behavioral Science
  • Health Coaching

Background:

  • Large language models (LLMs) show potential for task-oriented dialogue.
  • LLM application in health and fitness coaching remains underexplored.
  • Behavioral science frameworks, like COM-B (Capability, Opportunity, Motivation), offer structured approaches to behavior change.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To integrate behavioral science principles into LLMs for health coaching.
  • To enhance LLM-driven coaching interventions for sustained behavior change.
  • To explore knowledge infusion techniques for improving LLM coaching capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized two knowledge infusion techniques: coach message priming and dialogue re-ranking based on COM-B.
  • Conducted simulated coaching conversations between LLMs and research team members.
  • Evaluated conversation quality using human raters, focusing on empathy and actionability.

Main Results:

  • Primed LLM conversations received significantly higher ratings for empathy and actionability compared to unprimed ones.
  • Dialogue re-ranking further enhanced LLM responses, showing a significant uplift in actionability and empathy.
  • These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of behavior science principles in LLM coaching.

Conclusions:

  • Behavior science frameworks can be effectively infused into automated conversational agents.
  • LLM-based coaching interventions can be made more principled and effective.
  • This work presents a proof of concept for enhancing LLMs in health and fitness coaching through behavioral science.