[Gastrointestinal tumour prevention strategies]

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology and Oncology
• Cancer Pathogenesis
• Preventive Medicine

Background:

• Gastrointestinal (GI) tumors remain a significant global health challenge, causing millions of diagnoses and deaths annually.
• Despite advances in early detection and treatment, GI cancers represent over a quarter of all cancer cases and nearly a third of cancer-related mortality.
• Aberrant stem/progenitor cell differentiation, influenced by diet, bile acids, microbiome, and host factors, is increasingly implicated in GI cancer development.

Approach:

• This review synthesizes current knowledge and clinical recommendations for preventing selected GI tumors.
• It examines the role of environmental inflammation in disrupting stem cell homeostasis and promoting malignant transformation.
• The focus is on integrating evidence-based prevention strategies into clinical practice.

Key Points:

• Progress in therapeutic and diagnostic options has improved patient survival rates.
• Personalized molecular therapies and modified treatment strategies are enhancing patient outcomes.
• Primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention efforts show notable progress.

Conclusions:

• Environmental inflammation is a critical factor in GI cancer pathogenesis and prevention.
• Continued research is essential to refine diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
• Integrating current understanding of GI cancer prevention into clinical practice is crucial for improving patient outcomes.