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Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Individual Culturing of Tigriopus Copepods and Quantitative Analysis of Their Mate-guarding Behavior
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Group mating in Cretaceous water striders.

Yanzhe Fu1,2, Chenyang Cai1, Pingping Chen3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, and Centre for Excellence in Life and Palaeoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China.

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|April 2, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fossilized mating water striders from Myanmar reveal ancient sexual conflict. This discovery shows male-dominated mating systems and specialized male grasping structures in Cretaceous insects.

Keywords:
Myanmar ambergroup mating fossilmating behaviourpalaeoecologysexual conflict

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Area of Science:

  • Paleontology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Entomology

Background:

  • Fossilized mating pairs are rare, especially in aquatic insects, limiting our understanding of ancient mating behaviors and sexual conflict.
  • Water striders (Gerridae) are semi-aquatic insects with diverse mating strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the first fossil record of copulating water striders.
  • To investigate the mating behavior and sexual conflict in a new Cretaceous genus of water strider.

Main Methods:

  • Description and analysis of fossilized water strider specimens from the mid-Cretaceous of Myanmar.
  • Morphological examination of specialized structures in males, such as the protibial comb.

Main Results:

  • Discovery of three pairs and one single adult male of a new water strider genus, *Burmogerris* gen. nov.
  • Identification of conspicuous sexual dimorphism, with males possessing a specialized protibial comb likely used for grasping females.
  • Observation of smaller males riding on females' backs, suggesting copulatory struggles and a male-dominated mating system.

Conclusions:

  • This finding represents one of the oldest fossil records of insects associated with marine environments.
  • The specialized male grasping apparatus indicates adaptations to overcome female resistance during mating, highlighting Cretaceous sexual conflict.
  • The stable mating behavior observed in *Burmogerris* suggests long-term evolutionary consistency in water strider mating systems.