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Excavating important nodes in complex networks based on the heat conduction model.

Haifeng Hu¹, Junhui Zheng², Wentao Hu³

¹Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, 467000, China.

Scientific Reports

|April 2, 2024

Summary

This study introduces a novel algorithm using a heat conduction model (HCM) to identify critical nodes in complex networks. The HCM algorithm effectively measures node importance by calculating output capacity, outperforming existing methods.

Keywords:

Degree density Distance Heat conduction model IC model Network density SIR model

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Area of Science:

Complex Systems Analysis
Network Science

Background:

Identifying critical nodes is crucial for understanding and managing complex systems.
Existing methods for node importance excavation face limitations in accuracy and scope.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a new algorithm for excavating important nodes in complex networks.
To evaluate the proposed algorithm's effectiveness using established network models and real-world networks.

Main Methods:

Developed a novel algorithm based on the heat conduction model (HCM) to measure node importance via output capacity.
Incorporated network density, inter-node distance, and degree density into the capacity calculation.
Validated the algorithm using Susceptible-Infected-Removed (SIR) and Independent Cascade (IC) models across nine real networks.

Main Results:

The HCM-based algorithm demonstrated superior performance in identifying important nodes compared to eight other algorithms.
Experiments confirmed the algorithm's effectiveness in similarity, sorting, and multi-node infection capability assessments.
The model accurately reflects node importance by considering neighbor influence and network topology.

Conclusions:

The proposed heat conduction model (HCM) offers a robust and effective approach for excavating important nodes in complex networks.
This method provides a valuable tool for analyzing complex systems and addressing scientific bottlenecks.
The findings highlight the significance of output capacity in determining node criticality within network structures.