Primary left ventricular leiomyosarcoma: a case report

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Pathology
• Oncology
• Rare Cardiac Tumors

Background:

• Primary cardiac malignancies are rare, with leiomyosarcomas representing a small fraction.
• Leiomyosarcomas typically affect the right ventricle; left ventricular involvement is exceptionally rare, with fewer than five reported cases globally.
• Clinical presentation often involves non-specific symptoms, progressing to compressive issues or arrhythmias.

Observation:

• A 50-year-old female presented with a left ventricular leiomyosarcoma.
• The diagnosis was delayed, underscoring challenges in identifying rare cardiac masses.
• The patient underwent surgical resection followed by chemotherapy.

Findings:

• Successful surgical resection of the left ventricular leiomyosarcoma.
• Adjuvant oncological management utilizing docetaxel and gemcitabine chemotherapy.
• The case emphasizes the diagnostic difficulties associated with rare cardiac neoplasms.

Implications:

• Highlights the importance of a high index of suspicion for cardiac masses, particularly in patients with comorbidities mimicking symptoms.
• Case reports are vital for understanding and managing extremely rare conditions like left ventricular leiomyosarcomas.
• Informs clinical practice regarding the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for primary malignant cardiac tumors.