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WhatsApp-based intervention for people with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial.
Esmaeel Yaagoob1, Regina Lee1,2, Michelle Stubbs1
1School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.
Nursing & Health Sciences
|April 3, 2024
Summary
A 6-week WhatsApp program significantly improved diabetes self-management, education, and self-efficacy in type 2 diabetes patients. This social media intervention shows promise for global diabetes care.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Diseases
- Digital Health
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder defined by hyperglycemia.
- Diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) are crucial for patient outcomes.
- The role of social media, specifically WhatsApp, in supporting DSMES remains under-explored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of a 6-week WhatsApp-based program on self-efficacy and education in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Saudi Arabia.
- To assess the impact of a social media intervention on diabetes self-management.
- To explore the role of nurses in implementing digital health interventions for diabetes.
Main Methods:
- A randomized controlled trial involving 80 T2DM participants in Saudi Arabia.
- Participants were assigned to either a WhatsApp-based intervention group (n=40) receiving support and usual care, or a control group (n=40) receiving usual care.
- Generalized estimating equation analysis was used to compare outcomes at 6 and 12 weeks.
Main Results:
- The WhatsApp-based intervention group demonstrated significant improvements in self-efficacy, self-management, and diabetes education compared to the control group.
- These positive effects were sustained at both 6-week and 12-week follow-ups.
- Nurses' support was integral to the recruitment and implementation of the intervention.
Conclusions:
- Social media platforms, such as WhatsApp, can effectively enhance diabetes self-management, education, and self-efficacy.
- Integrating digital health interventions into diabetes care is recommended.
- Promoting social media use for diabetes management can improve global health outcomes.
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