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Related Concept Videos

Rab Cascades01:25

Rab Cascades

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Rab GTPases act in a regulated cascade during membrane fusion, helping the lipid bilayers mix. The Rab family of proteins are active when bound to GTP, and inactive when bound to GDP. Hence, they act as guanine nucleotide-dependent molecular switches. Rab-GTP recognizes and binds to long or short-range tethering proteins to capture the target vesicle. These tethers coordinate with SNAREs on the vesicle and the target membrane to assemble the trans SNARE complex that locks the mixing bilayers.
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Rab Proteins01:14

Rab Proteins

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Rab proteins constitute the largest family of monomeric GTPases, of which 70 members are present in humans. Rab proteins and their effectors regulate consecutive stages of vesicle transport such as vesicle transport, docking, and fusion to the correct recipient membrane.
Rab proteins switch between a cytosolic, GDP-bound inactive state and a membrane-anchored, GTP-bound active state. By themselves, Rabs show slow rates of GDP/GTP exchange and GTP hydrolysis. Thus, Rab proteins are considered...
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Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins01:21

Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins

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Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular and membrane components, making one side of the cell different from the other. This polarity is essential to many processes such as embryogenesis, axon migration, glucose transport across epithelial cells, and directional cell migration. A migrating cell responds to intracellular or extracellular signals via molecular cascades that reorganize the actin cytoskeleton to establish this polarity. In these cells, the Rho family proteins Cdc42,...
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MAPK Signaling Cascades01:07

MAPK Signaling Cascades

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Mitogen-activated protein kinase, or MAPK pathway, activates three sequential kinases to regulate cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The canonical MAPK pathway starts with a mitogen or growth factor binding to an RTK. The activated RTKs stimulate Ras, which recruits Raf or MAP3 Kinase (MAPKKK), the first kinase of the MAPK signaling cascade. Raf further phosphorylates and activates MEK or MAP2 Kinases (MAPKK), which in turn phosphorylates MAP...
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Small GTPases - Ras and Rho01:24

Small GTPases - Ras and Rho

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Ras and Rho are small monomeric GTPases that act downstream of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and regulate various cellular processes. These GTPases switch between active and inactive states by binding to guanine nucleotides.
Three regulatory proteins control their activity:
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The Ras Gene02:38

The Ras Gene

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The Ras-gene-encoded proteins are regulators of signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, or cell survival. The Ras-gene family in humans constitutes three primary members—the HRas, NRas, and KRas. These genes code for four functionally distinct yet closely related proteins—the HRas, NRas, KRas4A, and KRas4B. The involvement of mutant Ras genes in human cancer was first discovered in 1982 and is among the most common causes of human tumorigenesis.
Ras is a...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Investigating Mast Cell Secretory Granules; from Biosynthesis to Exocytosis
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Investigating Mast Cell Secretory Granules; from Biosynthesis to Exocytosis

Published on: January 26, 2015

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Rab46: a novel player in mast cell function.

Lucia Pedicini1, Jessica Smith1, Sinisa Savic2,3

  • 1Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.

Discovery Immunology
|April 3, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rab46, a protein regulating granule trafficking, is highly expressed in mast cells. Its genetic deletion impacts mast cell degranulation, suggesting a role in allergic and inflammatory disease mechanisms.

Keywords:
CRACR2AEFCAB4BRab GTPasesRab46degranulationhistaminemast cellstrafficking

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Analyzing the Functions of Mast Cells In Vivo Using 'Mast Cell Knock-in' Mice
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Isolation of Peritoneum-derived Mast Cells and Their Functional Characterization with Ca2+-imaging and Degranulation Assays
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Isolation of Peritoneum-derived Mast Cells and Their Functional Characterization with Ca2+-imaging and Degranulation Assays
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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Mast cells mediate allergic and inflammatory diseases via releasing mediators from granules.
  • Mast cells also perform physiological roles involving selective mediator release.
  • Granule subtypes and their distinct trafficking pathways are poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Rab46 GTPase in mast cell function.
  • To explore Rab46's involvement in stimulus-dependent granule trafficking in mast cells.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed Rab46 expression in human and murine mast cells.
  • Utilized genetic deletion of Rab46 in mast cells.
  • Analyzed mast cell degranulation in response to various stimuli.

Main Results:

  • Rab46 is highly expressed in both human and murine mast cells.
  • Rab46 genetic deletion significantly affects mast cell degranulation.
  • The effect of Rab46 deletion is dependent on the specific stimulus and mast cell subtype.

Conclusions:

  • Rab46 plays a crucial role in mast cell degranulation.
  • Rab46's function in mast cells is stimulus- and subtype-dependent.
  • Further research into Rab46 in mast cell trafficking may reveal therapeutic targets for mast cell-mediated diseases.