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5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat
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5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat

Published on: July 3, 2013

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How effective is nephrectomy in curing hypertension in children with unilateral poorly functioning kidney? A

V V S Chandrasekharam1, Ramesh Babu2, Mehul Shah3

  • 1Pediatric Urology, Pediatric Surgery & MIS, Ankura Hospitals for Women and Children, Hyderabad, India. vvsssekharam@gmail.com.

Pediatric Surgery International
|April 3, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Nephrectomy cured hypertension in two-thirds of children with a poorly functioning kidney. Laparoscopic nephrectomy is a potential first-line treatment for pediatric hypertension caused by a poorly functioning kidney.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Pediatric Urology
  • Surgical Outcomes

Background:

  • Hypertension (HTN) in children can be linked to a unilateral poorly functioning kidney (PFK).
  • Nephrectomy offers a potential cure for HTN, avoiding long-term medication.
  • Limited data exists on the effectiveness of PFK nephrectomy in pediatric HTN.

Approach:

  • A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published between 2000 and 2020.
  • Identified and analyzed 5 articles involving 88 children with PFK and HTN who underwent nephrectomy.
  • Assessed HTN resolution as the primary outcome, excluding duplicate, review, and incomplete articles.

Key Points:

  • Unilateral atrophic kidney with or without VUR was the most common cause of PFK (43%).
  • Ureteropelvic junction obstruction and multicystic dysplastic kidney accounted for 35% of cases.
  • Renovascular pathology represented 22% of PFK etiologies.

Conclusions:

  • Nephrectomy effectively cured HTN in 65.9% of children with PFK.
  • Laparoscopic nephrectomy is increasingly utilized and may be the preferred treatment.
  • PFK nephrectomy is a viable option for managing pediatric hypertension.
Abstract

Keywords:
HypertensionKidneyNephrectomyNon-functioning

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