Trauma-Informed Care in Pediatric Physical Therapy as a Standard Precaution: The Time Is Here

Area of Science:

• Pediatric rehabilitation
• Developmental psychology
• Trauma studies

Background:

• Childhood experiences, both positive and negative, profoundly influence lifelong development and well-being.
• Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) encompass abuse, neglect, violence, racism, and medical trauma, leading to adverse physical and mental health outcomes into adulthood.
• Children with disabilities face a higher risk of experiencing adversity, and trauma histories are often not apparent, requiring a universal approach.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an overview of research on trauma and resilience in pediatric populations.
• To outline actionable strategies for pediatric physical therapists (PTs) in addressing trauma.
• To advocate for the integration of trauma-informed care as a standard practice in pediatric PT.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing research on childhood trauma and resilience.
• Analysis of the impact of adverse childhood experiences on pediatric health and rehabilitation.
• Discussion of the role of pediatric physical therapists in identifying and responding to trauma.

Main Results:

• Childhood trauma is prevalent and affects all children, with increased risk in vulnerable populations like children with disabilities.
• Unaddressed trauma can manifest in pediatric rehabilitation, potentially leading to misinterpretations of caregiver behavior (e.g., noncompliance).
• Trauma-informed care is recommended by numerous organizations as a necessary standard of care.

Conclusions:

• Pediatric physical therapists (PTs) must adopt an intentional, trauma-informed approach to mitigate the negative effects of trauma on patients and families.
• Recognizing the commonality and varied presentation of trauma is essential for effective pediatric care.
• Implementing trauma-informed care ensures a supportive and responsive environment for all children, particularly those with disabilities.