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Related Concept Videos

Amyloid Fibrils03:03

Amyloid Fibrils

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Amyloid fibrils are aggregates of misfolded proteins.  Under most circumstances, misfolded proteins are either refolded by chaperone proteins or degraded by the proteasome. However, in the case of a mutation or a disease, these proteins can accumulate to form large clusters and often further assemble to form elongated fibers, called fibrils. 
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen.   In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining,...
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Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
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Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Imaging Amyloid Tissues Stained with Luminescent Conjugated Oligothiophenes by Hyperspectral Confocal Microscopy and Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging
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Imaging Amyloid Tissues Stained with Luminescent Conjugated Oligothiophenes by Hyperspectral Confocal Microscopy and Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging

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AA Amyloidosis: A Contemporary View.

Safak Mirioglu1,2, Omer Uludag3, Ozge Hurdogan4

  • 1Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. smirioglu@gmail.com.

Current Rheumatology Reports
|April 3, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

AA amyloidosis, a complication of chronic inflammation, is declining due to better disease treatment. Current management focuses on reducing serum amyloid A protein, with new biologic agents improving outcomes, though amyloid deposit clearance remains a challenge.

Keywords:
AmyloidosisArthritisAutoinflammatory diseasesChronic infectionChronic inflammationSerum amyloid A

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • AA amyloidosis is a severe complication of chronic inflammatory conditions.
  • It can lead to organ damage and life-threatening outcomes.
  • Recent advancements have impacted its management and prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology of AA amyloidosis.
  • To discuss the causes, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations.
  • To outline current and emerging diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of AA amyloidosis.
  • Analysis of epidemiological trends.
  • Evaluation of diagnostic modalities including histopathology and MRI.
  • Assessment of therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

  • Incidence of AA amyloidosis has decreased due to improved treatment of underlying inflammatory diseases.
  • Histopathology is the gold standard for diagnosis; MRI aids in detecting cardiac involvement.
  • Current treatments focus on reducing serum amyloid A protein, with biologic agents significantly improving management.
  • Kidney transplantation is effective, with rare recurrence post-transplant due to new therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Management of AA amyloidosis has evolved with novel anti-inflammatory therapies.
  • Controlling inflammation is key, but agents for amyloid deposit clearance are still needed.
  • Further research into direct amyloid-clearing therapies is warranted.