Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pathophysiology of Vomiting01:22

Pathophysiology of Vomiting

427
Vomiting is a complex physiological response to expel harmful or irritating substances from the body. It's a defensive mechanism triggered by stimuli like poisons, microbial toxins, cytotoxic drugs, and mechanical abdominal distension. The process is centrally coordinated by the vomiting (or emetic) center located in the medulla of the brainstem. This area, rich in muscarinic M1, histamine H1, neurokinin 1 (NK1), and serotonin 5-HT3 receptors, coordinates the act of vomiting through...
427
Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders01:27

Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

610
Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within...
610
Ion Channels01:19

Ion Channels

87.0K
The movement of ions like sodium, potassium, and calcium into and out of the cell is essential to maintain the electrochemical gradient in living cells. The ion channels—a class of membrane transport proteins—help maintain this ionic gradient for the smooth functioning of physiological activities such as maintaining cell size and volume, conducting nerve impulses, and gas and nutrient exchange.
Ion channels are specialized integral membrane proteins on the plasma membrane that allow...
87.0K
Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

324
Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
324
Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Injurious Factors01:22

Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Injurious Factors

585
Peptic ulcers are sores on the stomach's inner lining and the upper small intestine, which are the result of disruptions in the mucosal layer that houses parietal cells which produce gastric acid, and chief cells which secrete pepsinogen.
In the antrum region, G cells secrete the gastrin hormone that binds to gastrin-cholecystokinin-B (CCK2) receptors on parietal and enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells in the fundic glands. Simultaneously, the vagus nerve releases acetylcholine, which binds...
585
Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System01:18

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

633
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
Raynaud's disease, also known as Raynaud's...
633

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Evaluating associations of migraine-related vertigo.

Headache·2025
Same author

Cortical thickness studies in migraine: Current evidence and future directions.

Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache·2025
Same author

Advances in understanding migraine for the development of novel pharmacotherapies: the use of human provocation migraine models.

Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy·2025
Same author

Evaluation of premonitory spontaneous and nitroglycerin triggered symptoms among patients with cluster headache and migraine.

Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache·2025
Same author

Glutamate as a Therapeutic Substrate in Migraine.

International journal of molecular sciences·2025
Same author

Consensus Recommendations to Establish Reporting Standards in fMRI of Migraine: A Delphi Study.

Neurology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2025

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
10:39

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

18.2K

Pathophysiology of Migraine.

Nazia Karsan

    Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.)
    |April 3, 2024
    PubMed
    Summary

    Migraine is a complex brain disorder influenced by neuroanatomy and neurochemistry. New research highlights neural pathways and targeted therapeutics offering promising treatments for migraine relief.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Neurology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Migraine is increasingly recognized as a neural disorder affecting brain areas and neurochemical systems.
    • It involves complex interactions between neurotransmitter systems, physiological processes, and pain pathways.
    • The clinical presentation of migraine is heterogeneous, reflecting diverse underlying neural mechanisms.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide an overview of current migraine pathophysiology.
    • To integrate insights from the extended symptom spectrum, neuroanatomy, neurochemistry, and therapeutics.
    • To highlight recent advances in human migraine research.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of human experimental migraine models.
    • Analysis of functional neuroimaging studies.

    More Related Videos

    Ex Vivo Release of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide from the Trigeminovascular System in Rodents
    08:39

    Ex Vivo Release of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide from the Trigeminovascular System in Rodents

    Published on: May 16, 2022

    2.4K
    Author Spotlight: Deciphering Electrical Networks Behind Complex Brain Activities and Disorders
    05:49

    Author Spotlight: Deciphering Electrical Networks Behind Complex Brain Activities and Disorders

    Published on: November 1, 2024

    776

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 29, 2025

    3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
    10:39

    3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

    Published on: June 2, 2014

    18.2K
    Ex Vivo Release of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide from the Trigeminovascular System in Rodents
    08:39

    Ex Vivo Release of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide from the Trigeminovascular System in Rodents

    Published on: May 16, 2022

    2.4K
    Author Spotlight: Deciphering Electrical Networks Behind Complex Brain Activities and Disorders
    05:49

    Author Spotlight: Deciphering Electrical Networks Behind Complex Brain Activities and Disorders

    Published on: November 1, 2024

    776
  • Examination of neuroanatomical and neurochemical findings.

    • Main Results:

    • Migraine involves a wide range of implicated brain areas and neurochemical systems.
    • Key pathways include monoaminergic and peptidergic systems, such as those involving calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP).
    • Novel therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways show promise, with potential efficacy even before headache onset.

    Conclusions:

    • Migraine is a brain disorder characterized by headache and altered sensory, limbic, and homeostatic processing.
    • Targeting specific neural networks and therapeutic substrates offers a promising direction for future migraine treatments.
    • The understanding of migraine pathophysiology is rapidly evolving, leading to innovative therapeutic approaches.