Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

11.7K
Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...
11.7K
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

8.5K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
8.5K
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

26.4K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
26.4K
Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes01:09

Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes

369
In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
369
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

42.5K
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
42.5K
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

18.4K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
18.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Synthesis of high-entropy hydride from the cantor alloy (fcc-CoCrFeNiMn) at extreme conditions.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

A Low-Cost and Easy Approach to Optimize Cellulose-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators via Toner Printing.

Polymers·2026
Same author

<i>M</i>Fe<sub>6</sub> <i>X</i> <sub>4</sub> system (<i>M</i> = Mg, Sc, Zr; <i>X</i> = Al, Si, P, Ga, Ge, In, Sn, Sb) as possible 'gap' magnets.

Science and technology of advanced materials·2025
Same author

Promising Alloys for Hydrogen Storage in the Compositional Space of (TiVNb)<sub>100-<i>x</i></sub>(Cr,Mo)<sub><i>x</i></sub> High-Entropy Alloys.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2025
Same author

Average and Local Structure of La<sub>1-</sub> Sr <i></i> Fe<sub>1-</sub> Mn <i></i> O<sub>3-δ</sub> Chemical Looping Oxygen Carrier Materials.

Chemistry of materials : a publication of the American Chemical Society·2025
Same author

Giant Bandgap Reduction of Co<sub>3</sub>TeO<sub>6</sub> via Pressure Engineering.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Influence of Hybrid Perovskite Fabrication Methods on Film Formation, Electronic Structure, and Solar Cell Performance
11:38

Influence of Hybrid Perovskite Fabrication Methods on Film Formation, Electronic Structure, and Solar Cell Performance

Published on: February 27, 2017

18.5K

Phase Stability and Magnetic Properties of Compositionally Complex n = 2 Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskites.

Rebecca Clulow1, Prativa Pramanik2, Amanda Stolpe1,3

  • 1Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden.

Inorganic Chemistry
|April 3, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces four novel, complex perovskites, the first of their kind in the Ruddlesden-Popper family. These materials exhibit a unique crystal structure and a spin glass transition at low temperatures.

More Related Videos

Picometer-Precision Atomic Position Tracking through Electron Microscopy
15:04

Picometer-Precision Atomic Position Tracking through Electron Microscopy

Published on: July 3, 2021

7.3K
Epitaxial Growth of Perovskite Strontium Titanate on Germanium via Atomic Layer Deposition
09:45

Epitaxial Growth of Perovskite Strontium Titanate on Germanium via Atomic Layer Deposition

Published on: July 26, 2016

12.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Influence of Hybrid Perovskite Fabrication Methods on Film Formation, Electronic Structure, and Solar Cell Performance
11:38

Influence of Hybrid Perovskite Fabrication Methods on Film Formation, Electronic Structure, and Solar Cell Performance

Published on: February 27, 2017

18.5K
Picometer-Precision Atomic Position Tracking through Electron Microscopy
15:04

Picometer-Precision Atomic Position Tracking through Electron Microscopy

Published on: July 3, 2021

7.3K
Epitaxial Growth of Perovskite Strontium Titanate on Germanium via Atomic Layer Deposition
09:45

Epitaxial Growth of Perovskite Strontium Titanate on Germanium via Atomic Layer Deposition

Published on: July 26, 2016

12.4K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid-State Chemistry
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Perovskites are a versatile class of materials with diverse applications.
  • Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites, with the general formula An+1BnO3n+1, are known for their layered structures.
  • Compositionally complex oxides offer tunable properties but are challenging to synthesize and characterize.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel, compositionally complex perovskites with multiple cations on the B site.
  • To investigate the structural and magnetic properties of these new materials.
  • To establish new examples of compositionally complex n=2 Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites.

Main Methods:

  • Solid-state synthesis was employed to create the perovskite compounds.
  • Powder X-ray diffraction and neutron diffraction were used for structural analysis.
  • Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy determined elemental composition.
  • Magnetometry was utilized to probe magnetic properties.

Main Results:

  • Four new compositionally complex perovskites with the formula La0.5Sr2.5(M)2O7-δ (M = Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) were successfully synthesized.
  • These compounds are the first reported examples of compositionally complex n=2 Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites.
  • The materials are isostructural, adopting the I4/mmm space group with specific unit cell parameters (a ∼ 3.84 Å, c ∼ 20.1 Å).
  • No magnetic contribution was observed in neutron diffraction data.
  • Magnetometry revealed a spin glass transition at low temperatures.

Conclusions:

  • The successful synthesis and characterization of these complex perovskites expand the known family of Ruddlesden-Popper materials.
  • The observed spin glass behavior suggests interesting magnetic interactions within these novel structures.
  • These findings provide a foundation for further exploration of compositionally complex perovskites for potential applications.