Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 29, 2025
06:14
In Vivo Protocol of Controlled Subconcussive Head Impacts for the Validation of Field Study Data
Published on: April 18, 2019
6.4K
Head impact differences in blind football between Rio 2016 and Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games: video-based observational
Shogo Tsutsumi1, Junpei Sasadai2, Noriaki Maeda1
1Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
BMJ Open
|April 3, 2024
Summary
The Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games saw more goals scored in blind football compared to Rio 2016. Head impact characteristics also differed significantly between the two Paralympic Games, indicating changes in player safety and game dynamics.
Area of Science:
- Sports Science
- Biomechanics
- Paralympic Studies
Background:
- The Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games introduced rule and goal size modifications for blind football (football 5-a-side).
- Understanding the impact of these changes on game dynamics, specifically scoring and player safety, is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare scoring and head impact characteristics in blind football between the Rio 2016 and Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games.
- To analyze changes in game performance and player safety following rule adjustments.
Main Methods:
- A video-based observational study analyzing official game footage from the Rio 2016 and Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games.
- Quantification of goals scored and detailed analysis of head impacts, including occurrence, object, site, and associated factors (fall, foul).
Main Results:
- A near doubling of goals scored in Tokyo 2020 compared to Rio 2016.
- A total of 2036 head impacts were analyzed, with significant differences observed in characteristics such as scoring situation, impact object, and fall occurrence between the two Games.
- Seven specific head impact outcomes showed significant variations between the Rio 2016 and Tokyo 2020 events.
Conclusions:
- The Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games demonstrated an increase in scoring within blind football compared to the Rio 2016 Games.
- Significant alterations in head impact characteristics were noted, suggesting a shift in the nature of player contact and potential safety considerations post-rule changes.
