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Related Concept Videos

Anatomical Positions01:11

Anatomical Positions

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In anatomy, several standard anatomical positions are used as references for describing the position and orientation of different body parts. These positions help provide a common frame of reference when discussing anatomical structures. The anatomical position is the standard reference point for describing the body's position and orientation. In this position:
The body is upright, facing forward, and standing erect.
The feet are parallel and flat on the floor.
The arms are hanging by the...
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Acute Respiratory Failure-V01:29

Acute Respiratory Failure-V

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The treatment for acute respiratory failure varies based on factors like the underlying cause, overall health, and severity. A collaborative healthcare team is essential for early detection, often through arterial blood gas analysis. Identifying the cause is the primary goal, with treatment strategies adjusted for ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch, shunting, or diffusion impairment.
Ensure that patients are monitored continuously for their response to therapy, including changes in...
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Acute Respiratory Failure-IV01:23

Acute Respiratory Failure-IV

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Respiratory failure can manifest suddenly or gradually, characterized by a rapid decline in PaO2 and a rapid rise in PaCO2. This situation indicates a severe respiratory problem that may quickly become a life-threatening emergency. One of the early signs of hypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) is a change in mental status due to the brain's sensitivity to oxygen levels and changes in acid-base balance. Symptoms such as restlessness, confusion, and agitation suggest inadequate oxygen...
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Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

222
Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
222
Acute Respiratory Failure-III01:30

Acute Respiratory Failure-III

184
Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without...
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Flail Chest-II01:26

Flail Chest-II

168
Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
Assessment:
1. Clinical Evaluation:
History:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2025

An Educational Video Demonstration of How to Prone a Critically Ill Intubated Patient
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An Educational Video Demonstration of How to Prone a Critically Ill Intubated Patient

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Is prone positioning a valid intervention for ARDS in the deployed intensive care unit?

Narin Maclean1, P Davies2,3, S Lewis4

  • 12 Armoured Medical Regiment, Tidworth, UK.

BMJ Military Health
|April 3, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Prone positioning improves survival for intubated patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This intervention requires significant resources and staff, making it viable in larger deployed facilities but challenging in smaller, resource-constrained settings.

Keywords:
ACCIDENT & EMERGENCY MEDICINEAdult intensive & critical careCOVID-19Respiratory physiology

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Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ARDS
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Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ARDS
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Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ARDS

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Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Military Medicine

Background:

  • Prone positioning is a key intervention for worsening hypoxia in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
  • Its use surged during the COVID-19 pandemic as a treatment escalation strategy.
  • Evidence supports its benefit in intubated patients with moderate to severe ARDS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the viability of prone positioning in deployed land environments.
  • To assess the resource implications and risks associated with this intervention in austere settings.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current evidence on prone positioning for ARDS.
  • Analysis of practical implementation requirements, including staffing, equipment, and potential risks.
  • Consideration of facility size and resource availability in deployed settings.

Main Results:

  • Prone positioning is teachable and effective for ARDS patients requiring mechanical ventilation.
  • Implementation demands significant resources: staff numbers, time, and specialized equipment (pressure-minimizing mattresses).
  • Staff face risks of musculoskeletal injury and exposure to aerosolized microbes.

Conclusions:

  • Prone positioning is a valid escalation technique for intubated ARDS patients in large deployed facilities (e.g., 2/1/2/12 or larger) with adequate staff and equipment.
  • Resource constraints in smaller deployed facilities may render prone positioning unachievable.