Understanding multicomponent low molecular weight gels from gelators to networks

Area of Science:

• Supramolecular Chemistry
• Materials Science
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs) are crucial in bio-nanotechnology, but predicting their behavior in complex systems remains challenging.
• Multicomponent gels (MLMWGs) present additional complexities due to interacting components, hindering predictable network construction.
• A deeper understanding of MLMWGs is needed to bridge the gap between gel design and structural prediction.

Purpose of the Study:

• This review adopts a systems view to understand multicomponent low molecular weight gels (MLMWGs).
• It summarizes advancements in constructing desired MLMWG networks, focusing on self-sorting and co-assembly phenomena.
• The review aims to identify challenges and approaches for understanding MLMWGs, leveraging natural products and peptides.

Main Methods:

• A systems perspective is emphasized for analyzing complex MLMWG systems.
• Protocols for controlling self-sorting and co-assembly are discussed, including complementary structures, chirality induction, and dynamic control.
• Case studies involving natural products and designed peptides illustrate strategies for understanding MLMWGs.

Main Results:

• A systems-based approach is essential for deciphering the behavior of multicomponent gels.
• Specific strategies like complementary structures, chirality, and dynamic control effectively guide self-sorting and co-assembly.
• Natural products and peptides offer promising avenues for developing predictable MLMWG systems.

Conclusions:

• A systems perspective is critical for advancing the field of multicomponent low molecular weight gels.
• Controlling self-sorting and co-assembly through specific molecular designs is achievable.
• Further research utilizing natural products and peptides can accelerate the predictive design of MLMWGs.