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Related Concept Videos

Distributed Loads01:19

Distributed Loads

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Distributed loads are a common type of load that engineers and scientists encounter in various practical situations. Distributed loads often refer to a type of load spread over a surface or a structure and can be modeled as continuous force per unit area.
For example, consider a bookshelf filled with books stacked vertically adjacent to each other. The weight of the books is evenly distributed over the length of the shelf. As a result, the pressure at different locations on the surface of the...
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Distributed Loads: Problem Solving01:21

Distributed Loads: Problem Solving

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Beams are structural elements commonly employed in engineering applications requiring different load-carrying capacities. The first step in analyzing a beam under a distributed load is to simplify the problem by dividing the load into smaller regions, which allows one to consider each region separately and calculate the magnitude of the equivalent resultant load acting on each portion of the beam. The magnitude of the equivalent resultant load for each region can be determined by calculating...
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Distribution Reliability and Automation01:25

Distribution Reliability and Automation

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Distribution reliability in electrical power systems is critical for ensuring an uninterrupted power supply to consumers at minimal cost. According to IEEE Standard Terms, reliability is the probability that a device will function without failure over a specified time period or amount of usage. For electric power distribution, this translates to maintaining continuous power supply and addressing customer concerns over power outages. Several indices, as defined by IEEE Standard 1366-2012, are...
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Maximum Size of Aggregate01:12

Maximum Size of Aggregate

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The maximum size of aggregate is defined as the aperture of the sieve retaining 15 percent or more of the particles present in the aggregate sample. The aggregate's maximum size impacts the concrete's water requirement, workability, and strength. Larger aggregates reduce the surface area needing cement paste coverage, which can lower water needs, thereby allowing a decrease in the water-to-cement ratio when the desired workability and richness of the mix are to be maintained, which can...
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Short-distance Transport of Resources02:12

Short-distance Transport of Resources

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Short-distance transport refers to transport that occurs over a distance of just 2-3 cells, crossing the plasma membrane in the process. Small uncharged molecules, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water, can diffuse across the plasma membrane on their own. In contrast, ions and larger molecules require the assistance of transport proteins due to their charge or size. Transport across membranes also occurs within individual cells, playing a variety of essential roles for the plant as a whole.
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Non-ohmic Devices00:51

Non-ohmic Devices

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In most substances, the current flow is proportional to the voltage applied to it. A simple relationship between the values of current, voltage, and resistance is known as Ohm's law. Nonohmic devices do not exhibit a linear relationship between voltage and current. One such device is the semiconducting circuit element known as a diode. A diode is a circuit device that allows current flow in only one direction.
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A scalable blockchain based framework for efficient IoT data management using lightweight consensus.

Ehtisham Ul Haque1, Adil Shah1, Jawaid Iqbal2

  • 1Department of Computer Science, MY University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.

Scientific Reports
|April 3, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a scalable blockchain framework for Internet of Things (IoT) data management using a lightweight Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) consensus algorithm. The framework significantly improves performance and efficiency for resource-constrained IoT networks.

Keywords:
BlockchainConsensus algorithmData storageInternet of thingsSmart contract

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Network Security
  • Distributed Systems

Background:

  • Blockchain technology offers security solutions for Internet of Things (IoT) networks.
  • Existing blockchain solutions face scalability challenges due to the large number of IoT devices and data volume.
  • Resource constraints in IoT networks limit the applicability of traditional consensus mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a scalable blockchain-based framework for managing IoT data.
  • To address the scalability and efficiency issues in blockchain-based IoT networks.
  • To enhance performance in resource-constrained IoT environments.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) consensus algorithm for lightweight transaction validation.
  • Implemented an Interplanetary File System (IPFS) for distributed data storage.
  • Employed Docker for network performance evaluation (throughput, latency, resource utilization).

Main Results:

  • The proposed framework demonstrated low latency, measuring less than 0.976 ms.
  • Achieved superior performance compared to Proof of Stake (PoS) consensus.
  • Empirical findings validated efficient throughput, latency, and resource utilization.

Conclusions:

  • The DPoS-based framework provides a scalable and efficient solution for IoT data management.
  • The proposed approach is well-suited for IoT applications demanding low latency and resource efficiency.
  • This research contributes to overcoming blockchain scalability limitations in IoT ecosystems.