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    This study presents a novel fiber optic biosensor for detecting bovine serum albumin (BSA) at low concentrations. Utilizing a unique nanocomposite, the sensor achieves high sensitivity and a wide detection range for advanced biosensing applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Nanomaterials Science
    • Biomedical Engineering

    Background:

    • Fiber optic interferometry is crucial for biosensor development.
    • Low-concentration detection is limited by weak evanescent field interaction.
    • 2D materials can enhance evanescent field intensity and sensor sensitivity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a highly sensitive fiber optic biosensor for detecting trace levels of bovine serum albumin (BSA).
    • To leverage the properties of 2D materials and molecular imprinting polymers for enhanced biosensing.
    • To create a compact, stable, and easily fabricated biosensor for online and remote applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of an inline hetero fiber structure using photonic crystal fiber (PCF) and single-mode fiber (SMF).
    • Functionalization of the fiber structure with a nanocomposite of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and molecular imprinting polymer (MIP).
    • Utilizing fiber optic interferometry for detecting bovine serum albumin (BSA).

    Main Results:

    • The fabricated biosensor demonstrated a high sensitivity of 2.34 × 10^7 pm/µg L^-1.
    • The sensor exhibited a wide dynamic detection range and a subfemtomolar detection limit.
    • The biosensor maintained functionality over a broad pH range.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed MoS2-MIP functionalized PCF-SMF biosensor offers superior sensitivity and detection limits for BSA.
    • This advanced biosensor design paves the way for novel online and remote sensing applications.
    • The sensor's compact size, stability, and ease of fabrication enhance its potential for widespread use.