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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Materials Science
    • Electrical Engineering

    Background:

    • Notched waveguides are crucial components in optical and microwave systems.
    • Controlling waveguide properties in real-time is essential for advanced applications.
    • Plasmonic resonators offer unique light-matter interaction capabilities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To design and investigate a real-time tunable notched waveguide.
    • To utilize a voltage-controllable plasmonic resonator for flexible permittivity control.
    • To demonstrate precise tuning of magnetic and electric modes within the waveguide.

    Main Methods:

    • Engineered a plasmonic resonator using a ferroelectric substrate with a multilayer structure.
    • Implemented Archimedean spiral electrodes for applying a bias field to the controllable plasmonic ferroelectric resonator (CPFR).
    • Investigated the tunability of magnetic and electric modes through voltage control.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved precise tuning of magnetic modes by 8.7% and electric modes by 11%.
    • Demonstrated minimal insertion loss and rapid response times.
    • Validated the system's capability for flexible permittivity control.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed tunable notched waveguide offers significant potential for various applications.
    • The voltage-controllable plasmonic ferroelectric resonator provides a robust platform for dynamic waveguide control.
    • This technology advances the development of adaptable and efficient photonic and microwave devices.