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Structure-function coupling and hierarchy-specific antidepressant response in major depressive disorder.

Xinyi Wang1,2, Li Xue1,2, Lingling Hua3

  • 1School of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.

Psychological Medicine
|April 4, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Major depressive disorder (MDD) shows altered structure-function couplings (SFC) across brain hierarchy. Antidepressant response is linked to hierarchy-specific SFC changes, offering predictive insights.

Keywords:
antidepressant responsebrain hierarchyfunctional connectivity gradientstructure-function coupling

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with altered brain networks, but structure-function coupling (SFC) findings are inconsistent.
  • The brain's functional hierarchy may explain variations in SFC and MDD pathology.
  • Investigating SFC across functional levels is crucial for understanding MDD and treatment response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate alterations in structure-function couplings (SFC) in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients compared to healthy controls (HC).
  • To examine the relationship between SFC and antidepressant response in MDD.
  • To analyze SFC changes from a functional hierarchical perspective.

Main Methods:

  • Compared regional SFC in MDD patients (n=258) and HC (n=99) using resting-state fMRI and diffusion tensor imaging.
  • Assessed SFC differences between antidepressant non-responders (n=55) and responders (n=68).
  • Ranked regions by principal gradient values to evaluate hierarchy-specific SFC patterns.

Main Results:

  • MDD patients showed increased SFC in unimodal regions (low gradient) and decreased SFC in transmodal regions (high gradient) versus HC.
  • Antidepressant responders exhibited higher SFC in unimodal regions and lower SFC in attentional networks.
  • Significant differences in SFC were observed across the functional hierarchy (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • MDD pathology involves opposing SFC alterations in low-level unimodal and high-level transmodal networks.
  • SFC variations across the functional hierarchy highlight spatial heterogeneity in MDD.
  • Hierarchy-specific antidepressant effects offer potential for predicting treatment outcomes in MDD.