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Occupational Therapy Task Observation Scale (OTTOS) and Comprehensive Occupational Therapy Evaluation Scale (CO-TES):

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  • 1Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

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|April 4, 2024
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Summary

The Italian versions of the Occupational Therapy Task Observation Scale (OTTOS) and Comprehensive Occupational Therapy Evaluation Scale (COTES) are reliable and valid tools for assessing behavior in adults with intellectual disabilities.

Keywords:
AssessmentBehaviorDisabilityIntellectualOccupational TherapyValidation

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Therapy
  • Psychometrics
  • Intellectual Disabilities Research

Background:

  • Lack of specific behavioral evaluation tools for individuals with intellectual disabilities during activities.
  • Occupational therapy intervention heavily relies on assessing behavior during tasks.
  • Need for validated assessment tools in the Italian context.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and examine the reliability and validity of Italian versions of the Occupational Therapy Task Observation Scale (OTTOS) and the Comprehensive Occupational Therapy Evaluation Scale (COTES).
  • To provide validated tools for occupational therapists assessing behavior in intellectual disabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Translation and cultural adaptation of original English scales (OTTOS, COTES) following established guidelines.
  • Administration of scales to adults with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities (n=30).
  • Reliability assessed using Cronbach's alpha (internal consistency) and intra/inter-rater coefficients (stability). Validity examined via construct and criterion validity (correlations with MMSE and Barthel Index).

Main Results:

  • High internal consistency for both scales: Cronbach's alpha for COTES was 0.91, and for OTTOS was 0.92.
  • Significant positive correlations found between OTTOS, COTES, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Barthel Index, supporting criterion validity.
  • Specific correlations highlighted between scales and subscales with MMSE (Orientation, total) and Barthel Index (total scores).

Conclusions:

  • The Italian versions of OTTOS and COTES demonstrate strong reliability and validity.
  • These scales are suitable outcome measures for assessing behavior in the Italian population with intellectual disabilities.
  • Validated tools enhance occupational therapy practice for this population.