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Small deviations between planned and performed bone cuts using a CT-based robotic-arm-assisted total knee
Francesco Zambianchi1, Nikita Matveitchouk1, Marco Pavesi2
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio-Emilia, Modena, Italy.
Summary
Robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA) demonstrates good accuracy in bone preparation and component positioning. However, cementless tibial component impaction showed the most deviation from the surgical plan.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Robotics in Medicine
- Biomechanical Engineering
Background:
- Computed tomography (CT)-based robotic systems offer potential for enhanced precision in total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
- Previous studies suggest improved accuracy with robotic assistance compared to conventional TKA techniques.
Purpose of the Study:
- To validate the accuracy of a CT-based robotic system in achieving planned surgical goals for TKA.
- To quantify the alignment and positioning discrepancies between final implants and preoperative plans.
Main Methods:
- Ninety-six cementless robotic-arm assisted (RA) TKAs were evaluated.
- Bone resections were executed using a haptically controlled robotic arm.
- Implant alignment and positioning were measured post-implantation using a navigation planar probe.
Main Results:
- Mean tibial resections and component positioning exceeded planned values (p < 0.01).
- Significant outliers in tibial sagittal cut (19.8%) and component prominence (41.7%) were observed.
- Femoral component alignment and positioning showed minimal deviation from the plan.
Conclusions:
- The CT-based robotic TKA system provides good accuracy for bone preparation and component placement.
- Cementless tibial component impaction was associated with the greatest deviation from the surgical plan, often resulting in increased prominence.
