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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

1.0K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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Overview
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Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

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An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
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Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

907
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

721
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood
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Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood

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Peripheral helper T cells in human diseases.

Xueyang Zou1, Feifei Huo2, Lulu Sun1

  • 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, PR China.

Journal of Autoimmunity
|April 4, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Peripheral helper T cells (Tph) are crucial for antibody production. Aberrant Tph cells are linked to various diseases, highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
Autoimmune diseasesB cellsInfectious diseasesInterleukin-21MalignanciesPeripheral helper T cells

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Isolation of CD4+ T-cells and Analysis of Circulating T-follicular Helper cTfh Cell Subsets from Peripheral Blood Using 6-color Flow Cytometry
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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Peripheral helper T cells (Tph), a subset of CD4+ T cells, are key players in B cell help and antibody production.
  • Tph cells are typically found in ectopic lymphoid-like structures (ELS) but can also be detected in peripheral blood.
  • Abnormal proliferation and function of Tph cells are observed in various diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biological characteristics of Tph cells, including surface molecules, transcription factors, and cytokines.
  • To discuss the B cell help functions mediated by Tph cells.
  • To explore the involvement of Tph cells in diverse human diseases and their therapeutic potential.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of Tph cell biology and disease associations.
  • Analysis of Tph cell surface markers, transcription factors, and cytokine profiles.
  • Examination of Tph cell roles in autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, and malignancies.

Main Results:

  • Tph cells possess distinct molecular and functional profiles enabling B cell collaboration.
  • Tph cells contribute to the pathogenesis of a wide spectrum of human diseases.
  • Targeting Tph cells presents a promising strategy for novel therapeutic interventions.

Conclusions:

  • Tph cells are critical immune regulators with significant implications in human health and disease.
  • Understanding Tph cell biology is essential for developing targeted therapies.
  • Further research into Tph cell manipulation could lead to improved treatment strategies for various conditions.