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Brain Imaging

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...

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Positron Emission Tomography

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
One of the main requirements of a PET scan is a positron-emitting radioisotope, which is produced in a cyclotron and then attached to a substance used by the part of the body...

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PET brain imaging in neurological disorders.

Lijun Xie¹, Jihua Zhao², Ye Li³

¹Faculty of Life science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China; Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Medical school, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China; Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, PR China.

Physics of Life Reviews

|April 4, 2024

Summary

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging is vital for diagnosing brain disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's by detecting biomarkers. This review explores current and future PET agents for improved early detection and treatment strategies.

Keywords:

Brain disorders Drug dependence Innovative strategies Molecular imaging agents Neurodegenerative diseases Positron emission tomography

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Medical Imaging
Radiochemistry

Background:

Brain disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), involve neuronal damage and neurotransmitter system dysregulation.
These conditions lead to progressive decline in cognitive, motor, and central nervous system functions.
Early and accurate diagnosis is critical for managing these debilitating conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To comprehensively review the application and advancements of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging agents in diagnosing brain disorders.
To analyze the merits and limitations of current and novel PET imaging agents.
To provide a forward-looking perspective on future PET agent development for brain disorder diagnosis.

Main Methods:

Review of conventional and novel PET imaging agents.
Analysis of PET imaging's role in detecting brain biomarkers.
Assessment of diagnostic capabilities for various brain disorders.

Main Results:

PET imaging is a crucial tool for detecting brain biomarkers, aiding in early diagnosis and differentiation of brain disorders.
Conventional and novel PET agents offer valuable insights into neurodegenerative processes.
Analysis highlights the strengths and weaknesses of existing PET technologies.

Conclusions:

PET imaging plays an indispensable role in the diagnosis and understanding of brain disorders.
Continued development of innovative PET agents is essential for advancing diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic strategies.
This review offers a comprehensive overview for clinicians and researchers on PET imaging trends in neurology.