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Diagnostic error in mental health: a review
Andrea Bradford1,2, Ashley N D Meyer3,2, Sundas Khan2
1Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA Andrea.Bradford@bcm.edu.
BMJ Quality & Safety
|April 4, 2024
Summary
Diagnostic errors in mental health are common, yet poorly defined and measured. Future research should focus on identifying missed diagnostic opportunities to improve patient safety and outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Mental health research
- Diagnostic safety science
- Healthcare quality improvement
Background:
- Diagnostic errors significantly impact patient harm and outcomes.
- Mental health diagnosis is underrepresented in national diagnostic error research efforts.
- A clear understanding of diagnostic error is crucial for improving mental healthcare.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize current research on diagnostic errors in mental health.
- To identify opportunities for aligning future research with diagnostic safety science.
- To address the lack of consensus in defining and measuring diagnostic errors in mental health.
Main Methods:
- Review of conceptual considerations for defining and measuring diagnostic error.
- Application of these concepts to mental health settings.
- Analysis of methods and subject matter in recent diagnostic error studies in mental health.
Main Results:
- Diagnostic error is recognized as a significant problem in mental healthcare.
- Few studies employed clear definitions or frameworks for diagnostic error in mental health.
- Studies identified missed, wrong, and delayed diagnoses of common mental disorders.
Conclusions:
- A lack of consensus on conceptualizing, defining, and measuring diagnostic errors hinders progress.
- Further research is needed to identify preventable diagnostic errors in mental disorders.
- Focusing on missed diagnostic opportunities can reveal generalizable improvements in mental healthcare.
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