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Neuroethics, Covert Consciousness, and Disability Rights: What Happens When Artificial Intelligence Meets Cognitive

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Artificial intelligence (AI) offers potential for individuals with cognitive motor dissociation (CMD), but raises ethical concerns. Careful consideration is needed to ensure AI benefits voiceless patients without misrepresenting their intentions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Bioethics

Background:

  • Cognitive motor dissociation (CMD) involves a discordance between observed behavior and volitional commands, often detected via neuroimaging or EEG.
  • Covert consciousness presents diagnostic challenges in identifying the gap between cognitive activity and outward behavior.
  • Nascent AI technology holds both promise and peril for individuals with covert consciousness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the intersection of cognitive motor dissociation (CMD) and artificial intelligence (AI).
  • To explore the ethical, clinical, and legal challenges posed by AI applications in covert consciousness.
  • To advocate for anticipatory governance to mitigate unintended consequences of AI in this domain.

Main Methods:

  • Review of normative challenges in clinical practice, neuroethics, and law related to CMD and AI.
  • Historical analysis of covert consciousness and its relation to severe brain injury and the right-to-die movement.
  • Exploration of AI's potential to give voice to non-communicative individuals, considering ethical frameworks like the capabilities approach.

Main Results:

  • AI presents complex diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in CMD, including potential misrepresentation of patient intentions.
  • Disability bias and ableism are significant concerns in clinical practice, assistive technology, and research involving brain-injured individuals.
  • The capabilities approach offers a framework for ethical AI development to promote human flourishing.

Conclusions:

  • AI applications in CMD require careful ethical consideration and anticipatory governance.
  • Addressing disability bias is crucial for equitable development and deployment of AI in neurological care.
  • AI has the potential to enhance communication for individuals with CMD, but ethical safeguards are paramount.