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Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Multimodal 3D Printing of Phantoms to Simulate Biological Tissue

Multimodal 3D Printing of Phantoms to Simulate Biological Tissue

Published on: January 11, 2020

4D Printing for Biomedical Applications.

Ebrahim Yarali^1,2, Mohammad J Mirzaali¹, Ava Ghalayaniesfahani^1,3

¹Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Mekelweg 2, Delft, 2628 CD, The Netherlands.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)

|April 5, 2024

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This summary is machine-generated.

4D (bio-)printing creates dynamic biomedical devices with multiple functionalities. This review covers smart materials, stimuli, design, and biomedical applications, exploring future research directions for advanced medical innovations.

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Materials Science
Additive Manufacturing

Background:

4D (bio-)printing enhances 3D printed materials with dynamic properties and functionalities.
Applications include stents, drug delivery systems, and implantable medical devices.

Purpose of the Study:

To review smart materials, stimuli, and design strategies in 4D (bio-)printing.
To critically assess current biomedical applications of 4D printing.
To discuss future research directions in the field.

Main Methods:

Highlighting various smart materials and external stimuli used in 4D (bio-)printing.
Reviewing design strategies for 4D printed objects.
Analyzing current biomedical applications and future trends.

Keywords:

4D printing biomaterials biomedical engineering bioprinting smart materials

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Main Results:

4D printing enables the creation of functional and dynamic biomedical devices.
Success depends on rational design, smart material selection, and appropriate stimuli.
Future research includes in vivo studies, multi-material integration, and advanced modeling.

Conclusions:

4D (bio-)printing offers significant potential for advanced biomedical applications.
Further research is needed in areas like in vivo regeneration, multi-material systems, and predictive modeling.
The field is rapidly evolving with potential for transformative medical devices.