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Fingerprinting Mediterranean hurricanes using pre-event thermal drops in seawater temperature
Giovanni Scardino1,2, Mario Marcello Miglietta1,3, Alok Kushabaha1,4
1Department of Earth and Geoenvironmental Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125, Bari, Italy.
Mediterranean hurricanes, or medicanes, show a distinct sea surface temperature (SST) drop before forming, unlike other storms. This SST drop and high energy content serve as a fingerprint for identifying medicanes.
Area of Science:
- Atmospheric Science
- Oceanography
- Climate Science
Background:
- Medicanes (Mediterranean hurricanes) are extreme weather events causing coastal flooding and casualties.
- Their development resembles tropical cyclones, suggesting a link to sea surface temperatures (SSTs).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between SSTs and medicane formation.
- To identify potential precursors for distinguishing medicanes from other storms.
Main Methods:
- Compared satellite and reanalysis SST data (1969-2023) with in situ data.
- Utilized Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) for spectral analysis of SST time series.
Main Results:
- A decrease in SST was observed preceding medicane formation.
- This SST drop was not seen before intense extra-tropical systems.
- High SST energy content (high CWT coefficients) indicated medicane onset.
Conclusions:
- Pre-medicane SST drops and high energy content act as a unique fingerprint.
- This finding aids in distinguishing medicanes from seasonal storms at their onset.
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