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Defining the Program of Maternal mRNA Translation during In vitro Maturation using a Single Oocyte Reporter Assay
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Single-cell profiling reveals transcriptome dynamics during bovine oocyte growth.

Lais Barbosa Latorraca1, António Galvão2,3, Maria Belen Rabaglino4

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BMC Genomics
|April 5, 2024
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Summary

This study reveals key gene expression changes during bovine oocyte growth, showing a shift from oxidative phosphorylation to maternal factors and transcription regulators. A significant molecular profile change occurs in oocytes nearing full growth, impacting nuclear activities.

Keywords:
CattleGene ExpressionOogenesisRNA sequencing

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Genomics
  • Mammalian Oogenesis

Background:

  • Mammalian follicle development involves complex morphological and functional changes for oocyte growth.
  • Bovine oocyte transcription activation begins later than in humans or mice.
  • Previous studies focused on mature oocytes, leaving growing oocyte transcriptomes underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the transcriptome of growing bovine oocytes using single-cell RNA sequencing.
  • To analyze gene expression from the secondary to mid-antral follicle stages.
  • To identify key genes and pathways during bovine oocyte growth.

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell RNA sequencing of bovine oocytes across various size groups (60-120 μm).
  • Analysis of gene expression using weighted gene co-expression networks and Trendy analysis.
  • Identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between oocyte size groups.

Main Results:

  • A decrease in oxidative phosphorylation and an increase in maternal factors and transcription regulators were observed during oocyte growth.
  • Approximately 5,000 genes maintained stable expression throughout growth.
  • A notable shift from cytoplasmic to nuclear gene expression activities occurred in oocytes >100 μm.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides a comprehensive dataset of gene expression during bovine oocyte development.
  • Identifies critical genes and pathways associated with specific oocyte growth stages.
  • Offers a valuable resource for understanding bovine oogenesis and improving reproductive technologies.