Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 2, 2026
07:42
Detecting the Water-soluble Chloride Distribution of Cement Paste in a High-precision Way
Published on: November 21, 2017
9.6K
Polyvinyl chloride solvent cement poisoning: a case report.
S R Marambahewa1, D A C T Chandrasiri1, W A I C Wijesekara1
1District General Hospital, Mannar, Sri Lanka.
Journal of Medical Case Reports
|April 5, 2024
Summary
Self-ingestion of S-lon, a polyvinyl chloride solvent cement, can cause severe central nervous system depression and airway obstruction. Management is supportive, as chemical reactions with medical devices like nasogastric tubes can occur.
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Emergency Medicine
- Materials Science
Background:
- S-lon is a widely used polyvinyl chloride-based solvent cement in Sri Lanka.
- Its constituents, including cyclohexanone, butanone, and acetone, are associated with potential neurotoxicity and organ injury.
- The clinical effects of S-lon ingestion were previously uncharacterized.
Observation:
- A 42-year-old male presented after ingesting S-lon, initially stable but later developing CNS depression and stridor.
- Upper airway examination revealed inflammation and edema, necessitating intubation and ventilation.
- A nasogastric tube became amalgamated with S-lon, forming a solid mass, requiring reintubation due to agitation.
Findings:
- Sufficient S-lon ingestion can lead to gut absorption, CNS depression, coma, and potentially death.
- Chemical laryngitis and upper airway inflammation can cause obstruction.
- S-lon can chemically react with medical equipment, leading to complications.
Implications:
- Management of S-lon toxicity is primarily supportive, with no specific antidote.
- Healthcare providers should be aware of the potential for airway compromise and unique complications.
- Vigilance is required regarding interactions between ingested substances and medical devices.
Related Concept Videos
01:31Plasticizers
493
Water-reducers, or plasticizers, are chemical admixtures used in concrete to improve strength and workability. These additives reduce the water-cement ratio without compromising workability, lower the cement content while maintaining the same workability, or increase workability to assist concrete placement in inaccessible areas.
Plasticizers function by using surface-active agents to create repulsive electrostatic forces between cement particles. This dispersion enhances the concrete's...
Plasticizers function by using surface-active agents to create repulsive electrostatic forces between cement particles. This dispersion enhances the concrete's...
493
01:30Superplasticizers
468
Superplasticizers are advanced admixtures that enhance the workability of concrete by lowering the water content without compromising the strength of the material. These substances are highly effective water reducers, improving concrete flow, making it easier to work with, and enabling concrete to reach inaccessible areas or densely reinforced sections without mechanical vibration. The key components in superplasticizers are either sulfonated melamine or naphthalene formaldehyde condensates,...
468
01:22Waterproofing and Anti-Bacterial Admixtures in Concrete
329
Concrete's susceptibility to water absorption is due to the capillary action within the pores of its hydrated cement paste. This action draws water in, creating the need for waterproofing admixtures to prevent such penetration. The efficacy of these admixtures is contingent upon the water pressure, with variations arising from different conditions such as rain, capillary rise, or hydrostatic pressure in structures intended to hold water.
Waterproofing admixtures render concrete hydrophobic,...
Waterproofing admixtures render concrete hydrophobic,...
329
01:21Acid Attack on Concrete
1.1K
When acids come into contact with concrete, they initiate a chemical reaction that dissolves the hydrated cement paste. This process leads to softening and structural weakening of the concrete. This issue is commonly observed in environments such as chimneys, sewers, and industrial settings. The severity of the damage increases as the pH of the water interacting with the concrete drops below 6.5. In particular, a pH under 4.5 can cause significant concrete damage.
The rate at which hydrogen...
The rate at which hydrogen...
1.1K
01:26Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios
116
Pharmaceutical poisoning can occur through various channels, impacting an estimated 2 million hospitalized patients in the U.S. annually with serious adverse drug responses. These scenarios encompass both therapeutic uses, such as drug toxicity, where even standard dosages can lead to severe central nervous system depression, and non-therapeutic exposures, including accidental ingestion by children, and environmental and occupational exposures.Unintentional poisonings often involve exploratory...
116
01:26Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Treatment Strategies
279
Treatment strategies for poisoning are a critical aspect of emergency medicine, focusing on preventing the absorption of toxins and enhancing their elimination. When a poisoning incident occurs, the first response is to halt exposure and decontaminate the patient, particularly through gastrointestinal (GI) methods if the poison was ingested.Gastrointestinal Decontamination Techniques:Activated charcoal is the cornerstone of GI decontamination. It works through adsorption, binding the toxin to...
279