Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 29, 2025
Mouse Heterotopic Cervical Cardiac Transplantation Utilizing Vascular Cuffs
Published on: June 23, 2022
Feasibility and prognostic value of tissue motion annular displacement in patients with heart transplantation
Xiang Ji1,2,3, Yiwei Zhang1,2,3, Yuji Xie1,2,3
1Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Insights
Mitral annular displacement (TMAD) effectively assesses left ventricular systolic function in heart transplant (HT) recipients. Higher TMAD values predict better survival and reduced adverse outcomes in these patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Echocardiography
- Transplantation Medicine
Background:
- Mitral annular displacement (TMAD) assessment is valuable for various cardiovascular diseases.
- TMAD's utility and prognostic value in heart transplantation (HT) recipients are unexplored.
- This study evaluates TMAD feasibility and predictive value in adult HT patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the feasibility of TMAD for evaluating left ventricular (LV) systolic function in adult HT recipients.
- To investigate the prognostic significance of TMAD in predicting adverse outcomes post-heart transplantation.
Main Methods:
- 155 adult HT patients and 49 controls underwent echocardiography with 2D speckle tracking (2D-STE).
- Evaluated parameters included LV dimensions, ejection fraction (LVEF), LV global longitudinal strain (LVGLS), and TMAD.
- Adverse outcomes (mortality or hospitalization) were tracked; Cox regression analyzed prognostic value.
Main Results:
- TMAD correlated positively with LVGLS (r=0.714, p<0.001) and showed good reproducibility.
- HT patients had significantly lower LVGLS and TMAD compared to controls (p<0.001).
- Reduced TMAD and LVGLS were associated with adverse outcomes in HT patients (p<0.001).
- Higher TMAD (>9.1 mm) predicted better survival (log-rank p<0.001); TMAD independently predicted adverse outcomes (p<0.001).
Conclusions:
- TMAD assessment is feasible and effective in clinically well adult HT patients.
- TMAD serves as a valuable tool for evaluating LV longitudinal systolic function.
- TMAD is a significant independent predictor of adverse outcomes in heart transplant recipients.
Background:
Tissue motion of mitral annular displacement (TMAD) assessment has proved to be an effective method for several cardiovascular diseases including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, heart failure, non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction, etc. However, there are no studies exploring the feasibility of TMAD in heart transplantation (HT) recipients, and the predictive value of this parameter for adverse outcomes in these patients remains unknown. Consequently, this study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of TMAD in the evaluation of left ventricular (LV) systolic function in clinically well adult HT patients, and further investigate the prognostic value of TMAD.
Methods:
Echocardiography was performed in 155 adult HT patients and 49 healthy subjects. All the subjects were examined by conventional transthoracic two-dimensional echocardiography and two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) with evaluation of the LV end-diastolic diameter, LV end-diastolic volume index, LV end-systolic volume index, interventricular septal thickness, left atrial diameter, mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE), LV ejection fraction (LVEF), TMAD and LV global longitudinal strain (LVGLS). The end point was defined as all-causes mortality or posttransplant related hospitalization during follow up. Cox proportional hazards regression was performed to evaluate the prognostic value of the parameters for predicting poor outcomes in HT patients.
Results:
A significant positive correlation was found between the measurements of TMAD and LVGLS (r = .714, p < .001). TMAD obtained by 2D-STE had good reproducibility. The LVGLS and TMAD were significantly lower in HT group than in control group (both p < .001). In HT patients, compared with event free group, adverse outcome group displayed reduced TMAD and LVGLS, and elevated age (p < .001, < .001, = .017, respectively). Patients with higher TMAD (> 9.1 mm) had comparatively better survival when stratified by cutoff value (log-rank p < .001). LVGLS and TMAD were independently associated with adverse outcomes in multivariable analysis (both p < .001).
Conclusion:
Assessment of TMAD is effective for evaluating LV longitudinal systolic function and predicting adverse outcomes in clinically well adult HT patients.
