Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

1.0K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
1.0K
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

2.0K
An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
2.0K
Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

936
Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
936
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

8.8K
Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
8.8K
TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

7.3K
The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors...
7.3K
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

1.7K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
1.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Phenotypic and Dermoscopic Features in First-Degree Relatives of Melanoma Patients: A Controlled Cross-Sectional Study.

Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology·2026
Same author

Impact of intravitreal bevacizumab on immune cells in neovascular age related macular degeneration.

Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie·2026
Same author

A multicentre study for clinical phenotype prediction in juvenile dermatomyositis: categorical principal component analysis-based hierarchical clustering.

Reumatologia·2026
Same author

Amyloidosis awareness and colchicine adherence in patients with familial Mediterranean fever: a cross-sectional study in an endemic region.

Clinical rheumatology·2026
Same author

Improving motor impairment after stroke using transcranial stimulation and constraint-induced movement therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Disability and rehabilitation·2026
Same author

Evaluation of bone mineral density in patients with severe congenital neutropenia: experience of six centers in Turkey.

Scientific reports·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Vasodilation of Isolated Vessels and the Isolation of the Extracellular Matrix of Tight-skin Mice
08:09

Vasodilation of Isolated Vessels and the Isolation of the Extracellular Matrix of Tight-skin Mice

Published on: March 24, 2017

8.1K

Interferons dominate damage and activity in juvenile scleroderma.

Hulya Kose1, Abdurrahman Simsek2, Muhammed Ali Kizmaz2

  • 1Department of Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, Bursa Uludag University Faculty of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey.

Modern Rheumatology
|April 6, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Interferon (IFN) signaling pathways are altered in juvenile scleroderma, with elevated cytokines and chemokines correlating with disease activity. IFN-α and IFN-γ show potential as biomarkers for monitoring disease progression and damage in affected children.

Keywords:
Juvenile sclerodermainterferonjuvenile systemic sclerosis

More Related Videos

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes
10:00

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes

Published on: March 24, 2015

13.4K
Mouse Models for Graft Arteriosclerosis
07:37

Mouse Models for Graft Arteriosclerosis

Published on: May 14, 2013

13.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Vasodilation of Isolated Vessels and the Isolation of the Extracellular Matrix of Tight-skin Mice
08:09

Vasodilation of Isolated Vessels and the Isolation of the Extracellular Matrix of Tight-skin Mice

Published on: March 24, 2017

8.1K
High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes
10:00

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes

Published on: March 24, 2015

13.4K
Mouse Models for Graft Arteriosclerosis
07:37

Mouse Models for Graft Arteriosclerosis

Published on: May 14, 2013

13.7K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pediatric Rheumatology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Juvenile scleroderma encompasses juvenile localized scleroderma and juvenile systemic sclerosis, characterized by skin lesions.
  • Interferon (IFN) signaling pathways are implicated in autoimmune and fibrotic processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify cytokine and chemokine levels within the IFN signaling pathway in juvenile scleroderma patients.
  • To correlate these levels with disease severity and activity.

Main Methods:

  • ELISA and RT-PCR were used to measure 10 cytokines/chemokines and 7 IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs).
  • Study included 29 juvenile localized scleroderma, 5 juvenile systemic sclerosis patients, and 9 healthy controls.

Main Results:

  • Elevated levels of IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IP-10, and MCP1 were found in juvenile systemic sclerosis compared to controls.
  • IFN-α and IP-10 were elevated in both juvenile localized scleroderma and juvenile systemic sclerosis.
  • Active disease showed significantly higher levels of IFN-β, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-8, IP10, MCP1, and CXCL11 compared to inactive disease.

Conclusions:

  • IFN signaling pathways are likely dysregulated in juvenile scleroderma.
  • Cytokine and gene expression changes offer potential for monitoring disease activity.
  • IFN-α and IFN-γ may serve as valuable biomarkers for assessing juvenile scleroderma activity and damage.