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Effect of electric field on physicochemical properties and resistant starch formation in ohmic heating processed corn
Francisco M Flores-García1, Eduardo Morales-Sánchez1, Marcela Gaytán-Martínez2
1Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Unidad Querétaro, Querétaro, 76090 Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico.
Abstract:
This research investigated the impact of ohmic heating (OH) on the physicochemical properties and resistant starch formation in native corn starch. Electric field strengths (EFS) of 50, 75, and 100 V/cm were applied to native starch, at a starch-water ratio of 1:1 w/v. The conductivity of the medium is a crucial factor in ohmic heating. In this study, the conductivity values at 120 °C were measured at 1.5 mS/m. The study revealed two distinct outcomes resulting from the application of different EFS. Firstly, a thermal effect induced gelatinization, resulting in a reduction in the enthalpy of corn starch, an increase in the water absorption index (WAI) and the water solubility index (WSI), and a decrease in peak viscosity. Secondly, a non-thermal effect of OH was observed, leading to the electrolysis of certain starch compounds and water. This electrolysis process generated radicals (-OH) that interacted with starch components, augmenting the percentage of resistant starch. This increase was associated with elevated levels of carbonyl and carboxyl groups at 75 and 100 V/cm.
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