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Literature review and protocol for a prospective multicentre cohort study on multimodal prediction of seizure
Brooke C Beattie1, Karla Batista García-Ramó1,2, Krista Biggs3
1Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
BMJ Open
|April 6, 2024
Summary
This study aims to predict epilepsy recurrence after a first seizure using a multimodal biomarker model. Identifying high-risk individuals will guide personalized treatment for better seizure management.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Biomarker Research
- Machine Learning
Background:
- Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder with recurrent seizures.
- Nearly half of patients with an unprovoked first seizure (UFS) develop epilepsy.
- Current models lack predictive power for seizure recurrence risk in UFS patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop the first multimodal biomarker-based predictive model for seizure recurrence in adults with UFS.
- To identify individuals at higher risk of recurrence to guide treatment decisions.
- To investigate alterations in cognition, mood, and brain connectivity in UFS patients.
Main Methods:
- Recruiting 200 patients with UFS and 75 healthy controls (aged 18-65).
- Conducting neuropsychological assessments, MRI (structural and functional), and electroencephalography.
- Prospectively assessing seizure recurrence with follow-ups at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months.
- Training a multimodal machine-learning model to predict 12-month seizure recurrence.
Main Results:
- Comparisons between UFS patients and controls, and between recurrent and non-recurrent UFS patients.
- Development of a predictive model for seizure recurrence.
- Identification of key biomarkers associated with epilepsy development.
Conclusions:
- Establishing a novel predictive model for seizure recurrence in UFS.
- Enabling personalized treatment strategies for epilepsy.
- Advancing understanding of UFS pathophysiology through multimodal biomarkers.
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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
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Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
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Focal Seizures
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Understanding seizures and epilepsy relies on key definitions that help in recognizing, classifying, and managing these disorders. These definitions provide a framework for recognizing, classifying, and managing seizure disorders.DefinitionsA seizure is a sudden, abnormal burst of electrical activity in the brain that can cause changes in awareness, movement, sensation, or behavior, depending on the area involved. Epilepsy is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures,...
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01:22Epilepsy ll: Types
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