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Selenium Deficiency as a Risk Factor for Peripartum Cardiomyopathy.

K M Karaye1,2,3, H Sa'idu1,4, N A Ishaq2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria.

West African Journal of Medicine
|April 7, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Selenium deficiency significantly increases the risk of peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM). This study found a 167-fold increased odds of PPCM in women with selenium deficiency, highlighting the need for screening and further research.

Keywords:
Peripartum CardiomyopathyRisk FactorSelenium Deficiency

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Maternal Health

Background:

  • Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a multifactorial heart condition with unknown etiology.
  • Selenium deficiency has been hypothesized as a contributing factor to PPCM.
  • Previous research has not quantified the risk of PPCM associated with selenium deficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if selenium deficiency is an independent risk factor for peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM).
  • To quantify the association between selenium deficiency and PPCM in a Nigerian population.

Main Methods:

  • A posthoc analysis of the peripartum cardiomyopathy in Nigeria (PEACE) registry data was conducted.
  • Selenium levels (<70µg/L) were measured in 159 PPCM patients and 90 age-matched controls.
  • Logistic regression models identified independent predictors of PPCM.

Main Results:

  • Selenium deficiency was highly prevalent, found in 84.9% of PPCM patients versus 3.3% of controls.
  • Selenium deficiency independently increased the odds of PPCM by 167-fold.
  • Unemployment and lack of formal education also independently increased PPCM odds by 3.4-fold.

Conclusions:

  • Selenium deficiency is a significant independent risk factor for PPCM in Kano, Nigeria.
  • Screening reproductive-aged women for selenium deficiency is warranted, especially in high-incidence PPCM regions.
  • A clinical trial of selenium supplementation for PPCM patients with deficiency is recommended.