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Related Concept Videos

The Extracellular Matrix01:29

The Extracellular Matrix

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Overview
In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.
Composition of the Extracellular Matrix
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse...
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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: In Vitro Hydrogel Model for Glioblastoma Microenvironment Study
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Enhanced extracellular matrix remodeling due to embedded spheroid fluidization.

Tao Zhang, Shabeeb Ameen, Sounok Ghosh

    Arxiv
    |April 8, 2024
    PubMed
    Summary

    Tumor spheroids

    Area of Science:

    • Biophysics
    • Cancer Biology
    • Computational Modeling

    Background:

    • Tumor spheroids mimic in vitro cancerous cell collectives.
    • Extracellular matrix (ECM) mimics fibrous environments crucial for tumor invasion studies.
    • Understanding the mechanical interplay between spheroids and ECM is vital for cancer research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To computationally investigate the biophysical mechanisms of tumor invasion.
    • To analyze the mechanical interplay between tumor spheroids and the extracellular matrix (ECM).
    • To model the effects of spheroid rheology on ECM remodeling.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a 3D vertex model of a tumor spheroid coupled to a fiber network.
    • Simulated active contraction of linker springs connecting spheroid boundary faces to the fiber network.

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  • Varied spheroid rheology (fluid-like vs. solid-like) by adjusting the cell shape index.

    • Main Results:

    • Spheroid rheology significantly impacts ECM remodeling.
    • Fluid-like spheroids cause greater displacement and densification of the fiber network near the spheroid compared to solid-like spheroids.
    • Cellular motility and rearrangements in fluid-like spheroids drive shape fluctuations and influence network remodeling.

    Conclusions:

    • Revealed a complex morphological-mechanical interplay between embedded spheroids and their surrounding ECM.
    • Spheroid contractile strength and shape fluctuations are key factors in pre-invasion stages.
    • Findings offer insights into the biophysical basis of tumor invasion.