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Factors associated with immunization status among children aged 12-59 months in Lagelu local government area, Ibadan:

Julius Salako1, Damola Bakare2, Obioma Chukwudi Uchendu3,4

  • 1Department of Health Promotion and Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.

The Pan African Medical Journal
|April 8, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Childhood immunization coverage in Ibadan, Nigeria is suboptimal. Factors like caregiver residence and mother's education significantly impact vaccine completion, with access barriers being a major concern for childhood vaccinations.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Childhood deaths from preventable diseases are high in Nigeria, despite available vaccines.
  • Low vaccine coverage persists in many at-risk communities, necessitating an understanding of contributing factors.
  • This study investigates barriers to immunization service utilization in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.

Approach:

  • A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a peri-urban area of Ibadan.
  • Multi-stage cluster sampling identified study participants.
  • Interviewer-administered questionnaires and vaccine card reviews were used to collect data on socio-demographics and vaccination status.

Key Points:

  • Only 65.3% of children aged 12-59 months completed basic vaccination.
  • Vaccine card review revealed high uptake of Pentavalent (90.2%) and PCV-10 (86.8%) vaccines.
  • Caregiver residence and maternal education level showed significant associations with vaccination completion.
  • Access-related barriers were cited by 54.5% of those missing due vaccines.

Conclusions:

  • Improving vaccine coverage in Ibadan is crucial for reducing preventable childhood mortality.
  • Targeted health information dissemination to mothers presents a potentially cost-effective strategy.
  • Addressing access barriers is essential for enhancing immunization service utilization among under-five children.
Abstract

Keywords:
Under-five childrencaregiverschild vaccine cardimmunizationvaccine status

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