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Group B Streptococcus Brain Abscess in a Neonate with Bilateral Otorrhea.
Emily E Spencer1, Sarah Van Nostrand2, Shreyas Arya2
1Department of Pediatrics, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Fairborn, Ohio.
AJP Reports
|April 8, 2024
Summary
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) caused a rare brain abscess in a neonate with otitis. Prompt evaluation of otogenic infections is crucial to prevent severe central nervous system complications.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal infectious diseases
- Pediatric neurology
- Otolaryngology
Background:
- Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a primary cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis globally.
- Brain abscesses are rare sequelae of GBS infections, particularly in neonates.
- Temporal brain abscesses are typically associated with otogenic infections in older children and adults, but not previously described in neonates.
Observation:
- An 8-day-old infant presented with fever, irritability, and bilateral purulent otorrhea.
- Despite negative maternal GBS screening, delivery was complicated by chorioamnionitis.
- Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed neutrophilic pleocytosis, and ear drainage culture confirmed GBS.
Findings:
- Magnetic resonance imaging identified a left temporal lobe lesion consistent with a brain abscess.
- The infant received a complex antibiotic regimen and experienced seizures and hydrocephalus.
- Neurosurgical interventions were required due to complications.
Implications:
- This case highlights that GBS meningitis can lead to brain abscesses in neonates, though uncommon.
- Early diagnosis and management of otogenic infections are vital in neonates.
- Prompt treatment can mitigate the risk of progression to severe central nervous system infections.
