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Vaccine-Elicited Antibodies Restrict Glucose Availability to Control Brucella Infection
Bárbara Ponzilacqua-Silva1,2, Alexis S Dadelahi1,2, Mostafa F N Abushahba1,2,3
1Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine.
The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|April 8, 2024
Summary
Vaccination reduces host glucose availability through antibodies, impacting bacterial virulence. This suggests pathogens may need new metabolic strategies against vaccinated hosts.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Metabolic studies
- Microbial pathogenesis
Background:
- The influence of vaccine-induced immunity on host metabolism remains largely unexplored.
- Understanding host-pathogen metabolic interactions is crucial for developing effective vaccines and treatments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how vaccination affects host metabolite availability during bacterial infection.
- To elucidate the role of antibody-dependent mechanisms in altering host metabolism and impacting pathogen virulence.
Main Methods:
- Comparative metabolic profiling of vaccinated and unvaccinated mice challenged with Brucella melitensis.
- Assessment of glucose transporter gene (gluP) function in bacterial virulence.
- Analysis of antibody-dependent effects on host glucose levels.
Main Results:
- Prior vaccination significantly altered the metabolic profile of mice infected with Brucella melitensis.
- Vaccinated mice exhibited reduced glucose levels in an antibody-dependent manner.
- The glucose transporter gene gluP had a diminished role in Brucella melitensis virulence in vaccinated wild-type mice compared to antibody-deficient vaccinated mice.
Conclusions:
- Vaccine-elicited antibodies protect the host partly by limiting glucose availability to pathogens.
- Brucella and potentially other pathogens may require distinct metabolic strategies to overcome host defenses in vaccinated individuals.
