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Related Concept Videos

Errors and Mistakes in Surveying01:19

Errors and Mistakes in Surveying

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Errors and mistakes in surveying refer to inaccuracies in measurements and data recording. The errors are deviations from the actual value caused by human sensory limitations, equipment flaws, or environmental effects. These errors are typically unintentional and can result from the inherent imperfections in the instruments used, atmospheric conditions, or the observer’s inability to perceive exact measurements. On the other hand, mistakes are caused by the surveyor's lack of...
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Common Leveling Mistakes and Errors01:17

Common Leveling Mistakes and Errors

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A survey team is tasked with determining the elevation difference between points Point A and Point B, separated by uneven terrain. They use a leveling instrument and a leveling rod.Common MistakesMisreading the Rod: During a backsight reading at Point A, the instrumentman observes the rod partially obscured by tall grass. Instead of reading 1.135 m, they mistakenly record 1.735 m due to the misalignment of the crosshair with the wrong graduation. This error adds 0.600 m to all subsequent...
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Random Error01:04

Random Error

880
Random or indeterminate errors originate from various uncontrollable variables, such as variations in environmental conditions, instrument imperfections, or the inherent variability of the phenomena being measured. Usually, these errors cannot be predicted, estimated, or characterized because their direction and magnitude often vary in magnitude and direction even during consecutive measurements. As a result, they are difficult to eliminate. However, the aggregate effect of these errors can be...
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Adjusting a Traverse01:12

Adjusting a Traverse

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In the site survey of a four-sided traverse, internal angles are essential to ensure geometric accuracy. The survey revealed that the sum of the measured internal angles was 359 degrees and 48 minutes, which is 12 minutes less than the expected 360 degrees. This discrepancy signals an error likely arising from measurement inaccuracies during the fieldwork.To rectify this error, the adjustment process involved distributing the 12-minute shortfall equally across the four internal angles. By...
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Systematic Error: Methodological and Sampling Errors01:15

Systematic Error: Methodological and Sampling Errors

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In the case of systematic errors, the sources can be identified, and the errors can be subsequently minimized by addressing these sources. According to the source, systematic errors can be divided into sampling, instrumental, methodological, and personal errors.
Sampling errors originate from improper sampling methods or the wrong sample population. These errors can be minimized by refining the sampling strategy. Defective instruments or faulty calibrations are the sources of instrumental...
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Errors in Taping01:18

Errors in Taping

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Errors in taping arise from multiple factors that can significantly impact measurement accuracy in surveying. Misalignment of the tape, often due to human error, is one primary source. A skilled rear tapeman, using a telescope, can help correct alignment by guiding the head tapeman; however, human limitations still lead to small inaccuracies. These errors may include misplacement of pins or inaccurate tape readings due to common visual confusions, such as mistaking a six for a nine. Such...
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AAPM WGPE report 394: Simulated error training for the physics plan and chart review.

Perry B Johnson1,2, Leah Schubert3, Grace Gwe-Ya Kim4

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA.

Medical Physics
|April 8, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Simulated error training datasets were developed to help medical physicists practice plan and chart reviews, improving detection of clinical errors. This accessible tool enhances training and performance assessment in radiation oncology.

Keywords:
error preventionplan reviewsimulation training

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Simulated error training is crucial for error detection in low-occurrence scenarios like physics plan and chart reviews.
  • Physicists can learn from simulated hazardous errors to improve detection of critical issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop accessible training datasets for medical physicists and trainees.
  • To provide practice in plan and chart reviews, exposing users to various clinical failure modes.

Main Methods:

  • Created 20 training datasets with embedded errors based on AAPM Task Group 275 risk assessment.
  • Datasets include documentation, screenshots, and digital content from common treatment planning systems, accessible via ProKnow.

Main Results:

  • 110 errors representing 50 failure modes were embedded across various software systems (Mosaiq, ARIA, Eclipse, RayStation, Pinnacle).
  • Workshop participants detected higher-priority failure modes more frequently; system familiarity influenced error detection.
  • 96% found the ProKnow portal and datasets effective; 75% planned to use the tool locally.

Conclusions:

  • The datasets and platform offer a standardized, accessible tool for training, assessment, and continuing education in physics plan and chart review.
  • Ongoing work aims to expand the project to include more modalities, systems, and emerging techniques like auto-contouring and auto-planning.