Interactions between acidic proteins and crystals: stereochemical requirements in biomineralization

Acidic matrix macromolecules are intimately involved in biological crystal growth. In vitro experiments, in which crystals of calcium dicarboxylate salts were grown in the presence of aspartic acid-rich proteins, revealed a stereochemical property common to all the interacting faces. Calcite crystals are nucleated on stereochemically analogous faces when proteins are adsorbed onto a rigid substrate. The importance of this property in biomineralization is discussed.