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Related Concept Videos

Adiabatic Processes for an Ideal Gas01:18

Adiabatic Processes for an Ideal Gas

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When an ideal gas is compressed adiabatically, that is, without adding heat, work is done on it, and its temperature increases. In an adiabatic expansion, the gas does work, and its temperature drops. Adiabatic compressions actually occur in the cylinders of a car, where the compressions of the gas-air mixture take place so quickly that there is no time for the mixture to exchange heat with its environment. Nevertheless, because work is done on the mixture during the compression, its...
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Work Done in an Adiabatic Process01:20

Work Done in an Adiabatic Process

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Consider the adiabatic compression of an ideal gas in the cylinder of an automobile diesel engine. The gasoline vapor is injected into the cylinder of an automobile engine when the piston is in its expanded position. The temperature, pressure, and volume of the resulting gas-air mixture are 20 °C, 1.00 x 105 N/m2, and 240 cm3 , respectively. The mixture is then compressed adiabatically to a volume of 40 cm3. Note that, in the actual operation of an automobile engine, the compression is not...
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Pressure and Volume in an Adiabatic Process01:27

Pressure and Volume in an Adiabatic Process

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Free expansion of a gas is an adiabatic process. However, there are few differences between free expansion and adiabatic expansion. During free expansion, no work is done, and there is no change in internal energy. But, for an adiabatic expansion, work is done, and there is a change in internal energy. During an adiabatic process, the relation between the pressure and volume is obtained from the condition for the adiabatic process, that is, 
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Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution: Problem Solving01:20

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Individual molecules in a gas move in random directions, but a gas containing numerous molecules has a predictable distribution of molecular speeds, which is known as the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, f(v).
This distribution function f(v) is defined by saying that the expected number N (v1,v2) of particles with speeds between v1 and v2 is given by
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Equilibrium Conditions for a Particle01:23

Equilibrium Conditions for a Particle

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When an object is in equilibrium, it is either at rest or moving with a constant velocity. There are two types of equilibrium: static and dynamic. Static equilibrium occurs when an object is at rest, while dynamic equilibrium occurs when an object is moving with a constant velocity. In both cases, there must be a balance of forces acting on the object.
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Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation02:39

Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation

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The physical form of a substance changes on changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. Vaporization occurs when the thermal motion of the molecules overcome the intermolecular forces, and the molecules (at the surface) escape into the gaseous state. When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase...
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How to experimentally evaluate the adiabatic condition for quantum annealing.

Yuichiro Mori1, Shiro Kawabata2,3, Yuichiro Matsuzaki4,5

  • 1Global Research and Development Center for Business by Quantum-AI Technology (G-QuAT), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1, Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8568, Japan. mori-yuichiro.9302@aist.go.jp.

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We present a new experimental method to assess the adiabatic condition in quantum annealing (QA). This technique measures the transition matrix element and energy gap, crucial for solving real-world problems with QA.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Computing
  • Quantum Annealing
  • Experimental Physics

Background:

  • Quantum annealing (QA) is a promising approach for solving complex optimization problems.
  • Evaluating the adiabatic condition is critical for ensuring the success of QA.
  • Current methods for assessing the adiabatic condition can be computationally intensive or indirect.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel experimental method for evaluating the adiabatic condition during quantum annealing.
  • To provide a direct and efficient way to measure key components of the adiabatic condition.
  • To establish a robust experimental basis for analyzing QA performance.

Main Methods:

  • An experimental technique is proposed to evaluate the adiabatic condition without diagonalizing the Hamiltonian.
  • The method involves applying an oscillating field during the quantum annealing process.
  • The power spectrum of the resulting time-domain signal is measured.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method simultaneously provides information on the transition matrix element and the energy gap.
  • Estimates of the transition matrix element and energy gap are derived from the measured power spectrum.
  • The technique offers a practical approach for experimental verification of the adiabatic condition.

Conclusions:

  • The developed experimental method offers a powerful tool for analyzing quantum annealing performance.
  • This approach facilitates the practical application of quantum annealing by providing essential performance metrics.
  • The findings pave the way for more reliable and efficient quantum annealing implementations.