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Related Concept Videos

Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications01:19

Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications

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Respiratory assessment is a cornerstone of nursing assessments, crucial for the early detection of patient deterioration. This evaluation transcends routine procedures, representing a critical skill nurses must master to ensure optimal patient care.
Objectives and Importance:
The primary goal of respiratory assessment is to evaluate patients at early risk of clinical deterioration. Since respiratory distress often precedes other signs of declining health, breathing patterns and sounds become a...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Ultrasonographic Assessment During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
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Intentional interruptions during compression only CPR: A scoping review.

Giulia Catalisano1,2, Marta Milazzo1, Barbara Simone1

  • 1Department of Precision Medicine in Medical Surgical and Critical Care (Me.Pre.C.C.), University of Palermo, Italy.

Resuscitation Plus
|April 9, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Intentional pauses during compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) may improve bystander CPR quality for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). This strategy enhances compression depth and reduces rescuer exertion, potentially improving survival rates.

Keywords:
CPR interruptionsCompression only CPR (CO-CPR)Continuous Chest Compressions (CCC)Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA)Pauses during CPR

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Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Science

Background:

  • Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a leading cause of death globally.
  • Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) significantly improves survival rates.
  • Challenges exist in bystander CPR, including reluctance to perform mouth-to-mouth ventilation and declining quality during continuous chest compressions (CCC).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a scoping review of strategies incorporating intentional pauses during compression-only CPR (CO-CPR).
  • To evaluate the impact of these pauses on CPR performance in single lay rescuer OHCA scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of major databases (PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, CINAHL).
  • Inclusion of six simulation studies involving 1214 subjects.
  • Analysis of various CO-CPR protocols with intentional interruptions compared to CCC.

Main Results:

  • Intentional interruptions in CO-CPR improved compression depth and reduced rescuer perceived exertion in most simulated OHCA scenarios.
  • Compression rate and chest compression fraction generally remained within recommended guidelines.
  • The tested protocols and outcome measures were heterogeneous across the included studies.

Conclusions:

  • Incorporating intentional pauses during CO-CPR may enhance CPR quality for single lay rescuers during OHCA.
  • Further research is warranted to confirm the feasibility and safety of these protocols.
  • Improved compression depth and reduced rescuer fatigue are potential benefits of this strategy.