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Effectiveness of a Health Belief Model-Based Education Program on Self-Efficacy and Preparedness for Infectious
Nuswatul Khaira1, T Iskandar Faisal1,2, Magfirah Magfirah3
1Department of Nursing, Aceh Polytechnic of the Ministry of Health, Aceh Besar, Indonesia.
Background:
Health education programs can enhance self-efficacy and disaster preparedness. However, research incorporating the Health Belief Model (HBM) in education for infectious disasters is lacking.
Aims:
Examine the effectiveness of an HBM-based education program on self-reported self-efficacy and self-reported preparedness for infectious disasters in rural populations.
Methods:
In total, 109 eligible participants were allocated to two groups: participants who received HBM-based education (n = 55) or regular education (n = 54), presented at in-person meetings, with individual follow-up conducted on WhatsApp. Self-reported self-efficacy and preparedness for infectious disasters in both groups were measured at 4 and 8 weeks.
Findings:
Participants showed a significant interaction between groups and in time to increase in self-reported self-efficacy and self-reported preparedness to deal with infectious disasters. After 4 and 8 weeks, the groups had statistically significant differences (p≤.001) in all outcome measures.
Conclusion:
HBM-based education was associated with increased self-reported self-efficacy and self-reported infectious disaster preparedness among the rural population. Follow-up by nurses is essential to implementing continuing health belief education programs to enhance rural populations' self-efficacy and infectious disaster preparedness.
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